The Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Road, Imm-25, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA.
Immunol Res. 2012 Jun;52(3):182-99. doi: 10.1007/s12026-011-8261-7.
Obesity and related type 2 diabetes are increasing at epidemic proportions globally. It is now recognized that inflammatory responses mediated within the adipose tissue in obesity are central to the development of disease. Once initiated, chronic inflammation associated with obesity leads to the modulation of immune cell function. This review will focus specifically on the impact of obesity on γδ T cells, a T-cell subset that is found in high concentrations in epithelial tissues such as the skin, intestine, and lung. Epithelial γδ T cell function is of particular concern in obesity as they are the guardians of the epithelial barrier and mediate repair. A breakdown in their function, and subsequently the deterioration of the epithelium can result in dire consequences for the host. Obese patients are more prone to non-healing injuries, infection, and disease. The resulting inflammation from these pathologies further perpetuates the disease condition already present in obese hosts. Here we will provide insight into the immunomodulation of γδ T cells that occurs in the epithelial barrier during obesity and discuss current therapeutic options.
肥胖症和相关的 2 型糖尿病在全球呈流行趋势日益严重。现在人们已经认识到，肥胖症中脂肪组织内介导的炎症反应是疾病发展的核心。一旦发生，与肥胖相关的慢性炎症会导致免疫细胞功能的调节。本综述将专门关注肥胖对 γδ T 细胞的影响，γδ T 细胞是一种在皮肤、肠道和肺部等上皮组织中浓度较高的 T 细胞亚群。肥胖症中上皮 γδ T 细胞的功能尤其值得关注，因为它们是上皮屏障的守护者，并介导修复。其功能的崩溃，随后上皮的恶化，可能会给宿主带来严重后果。肥胖患者更容易发生难以愈合的损伤、感染和疾病。这些病理产生的炎症进一步加剧了肥胖宿主中已经存在的疾病状况。在这里，我们将深入了解肥胖症期间上皮屏障中 γδ T 细胞发生的免疫调节，并讨论当前的治疗选择。
