Protein and Fermentation BiotechnologyLaboratory, Department of Biotechnology, Punjabi University, Patiala 147002, India.
Virol Sin. 2011 Dec;26(6):357-65. doi: 10.1007/s12250-011-3223-8. Epub 2011 Dec 10.
Many plants contain ribosome inactivating proteins (RIPs) with N-glycosidase activity, which depurinate large ribosomal RNA and arrest protein synthesis. RIPs so far tested inhibit replication of mRNA as well as DNA viruses and these proteins, isolated from plants, are found to be effective against a broad range of viruses such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), hepatitis B virus (HBV) and herpes simplex virus (HSV). Most of the research work related to RIPs has been focused on antiviral activity against HIV; however, the exact mechanism of antiviral activity is still not clear. The mechanism of antiviral activity was thought to follow inactivation of the host cell ribosome, leading to inhibition of viral protein translation and host cell death. Enzymatic activity of RIPs is not limited to depurination of the large rRNA, in addition they can depurinate viral DNA as well as RNA. Recently, Phase I/II clinical trials have demonstrated the potential use of RIPs for treating patients with HIV disease. The aim of this review is to focus on various RIPs from plants associated with anti-HIV activity.
许多植物都含有核糖体失活蛋白（RIPs），具有 N-糖苷酶活性，可使核糖体 RNA 脱嘌呤，并阻止蛋白质合成。迄今为止，经过测试的 RIPs 可抑制 mRNA 和 DNA 病毒的复制，这些从植物中分离出来的蛋白质被发现对广泛的病毒有效，如人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）、乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）和单纯疱疹病毒（HSV）。与 RIPs 相关的大多数研究工作都集中在抗 HIV 的抗病毒活性上；然而，抗病毒活性的确切机制仍不清楚。抗病毒活性的机制被认为是通过失活宿主细胞核糖体，从而抑制病毒蛋白的翻译和宿主细胞的死亡。RIPs 的酶活性不仅限于大 rRNA 的脱嘌呤，此外，它们还可以脱嘌呤化病毒 DNA 和 RNA。最近，I/II 期临床试验表明 RIPs 有潜力用于治疗 HIV 疾病患者。本综述的目的是重点关注与抗 HIV 活性相关的各种植物 RIPs。
