Bello Gonzalo, Soares Marcelo A, Schrago Carlos G
Laboratório de Imunologia e Aids, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, 21040-360 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
AIDS Res Treat. 2011;2011:154945. doi: 10.1155/2011/154945. Epub 2011 Nov 15.
The South American human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic is driven by several subtypes (B, C, and F1) and circulating and unique recombinant forms derived from those subtypes. Those variants are heterogeneously distributed around the continent in a country-specific manner. Despite some inconsistencies mainly derived from sampling biases and analytical constrains, most of studies carried out in the area agreed in pointing out specificities in the evolutionary dynamics of the circulating HIV-1 lineages. In this paper, we covered the theoretical basis, and the application of bioinformatics methods to reconstruct the HIV spatial-temporal dynamics, unveiling relevant information to understand the origin, geographical dissemination and the current molecular scenario of the HIV epidemic in the continent, particularly in the countries of Southern Cone.
南美洲的1型人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV-1）流行是由几种亚型（B、C和F1）以及源自这些亚型的循环重组型和独特重组型驱动的。这些变体以国家特定的方式在整个大陆上呈异质性分布。尽管主要由于抽样偏差和分析限制存在一些不一致之处，但该地区进行的大多数研究都一致指出了循环HIV-1谱系进化动态的特异性。在本文中，我们阐述了理论基础以及生物信息学方法在重建HIV时空动态方面的应用，揭示了相关信息，以了解该大陆尤其是南锥体国家HIV流行的起源、地理传播和当前分子状况。
