Michalewska Zofia
Ophthalmic Clinic Jasne Blonia, Lodz, Poland.
Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging. 2012 Mar-Apr;43(2):152-61. doi: 10.3928/15428877-20111208-01. Epub 2011 Dec 16.
Lamellar macular holes and macular pseudoholes are non-full-thickness defects of retinal tissue involving the anatomic fovea, thereby affecting central visual acuity. Non-full-thickness macular holes have been associated with myriad ocular conditions. Originally, lamellar macular holes were described as secondary to diabetic macular edema and macular pseudoholes as idiopathic. The pathogenesis of secondary non-full-thickness macular defects was recently confirmed by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography. These may be mistaken for macular hole lesions, despite careful clinical examination. Careful biomicroscopic examination with a contact lens and optical coherence tomography help to ensure accurate diagnosis. Surgical management with or without air or gas tamponade improves visual acuity and foveal morphology in most eyes.
板层黄斑裂孔和黄斑假性裂孔是累及解剖学中心凹的视网膜组织非全层缺损，从而影响中心视力。非全层黄斑裂孔与多种眼部疾病相关。最初，板层黄斑裂孔被描述为继发于糖尿病性黄斑水肿，而黄斑假性裂孔被认为是特发性的。近期，频域光学相干断层扫描证实了继发性非全层黄斑缺损的发病机制。尽管进行了仔细的临床检查，这些情况仍可能被误诊为黄斑裂孔病变。使用接触镜进行仔细的生物显微镜检查和光学相干断层扫描有助于确保准确诊断。在大多数眼中，无论是否使用空气或气体填塞的手术治疗均可提高视力并改善中心凹形态。
