University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
Allergy Asthma Clin Immunol. 2011 Nov 10;7 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S2. doi: 10.1186/1710-1492-7-S1-S2.
Asthma is the most common respiratory disorder in Canada. Despite significant improvement in the diagnosis and management of this disorder, the majority of Canadians with asthma remain poorly controlled. In most patients, however, control can be achieved through the use of avoidance measures and appropriate pharmacological interventions. Inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) represent the standard of care for the majority of patients. Combination ICS/long-acting beta2-agonists (LABA) inhalers are preferred for most adults who fail to achieve control with ICS therapy. Allergen-specific immunotherapy represents a potentially disease-modifying therapy for many patients with asthma, but should only be prescribed by physicians with appropriate training in allergy. Regular monitoring of asthma control, adherence to therapy and inhaler technique are also essential components of asthma management. This article provides a review of current literature and guidelines for the appropriate diagnosis and management of asthma.
哮喘是加拿大最常见的呼吸道疾病。尽管在该疾病的诊断和管理方面取得了重大进展，但大多数哮喘患者的病情仍未得到良好控制。然而，在大多数患者中，通过使用避免措施和适当的药物干预可以实现控制。吸入皮质类固醇（ICS）是大多数患者的标准治疗方法。对于大多数未能通过 ICS 治疗控制病情的患者，首选联合 ICS/长效β2-激动剂（LABA）吸入器。过敏原特异性免疫疗法是许多哮喘患者潜在的疾病修正治疗方法，但只能由经过适当过敏培训的医生开具处方。定期监测哮喘控制情况、坚持治疗和吸入器技术也是哮喘管理的重要组成部分。本文综述了当前关于哮喘的诊断和管理的文献和指南。
