Wangberg Silje C, Nilsen Olav, Antypas Konstantinos, Gram Inger Torhild
University Hospital of North Norway, Narvik, Norway.
J Med Internet Res. 2011 Dec 15;13(4):e121. doi: 10.2196/jmir.1605.
Studies suggest that tailored materials are superior to nontailored materials in supporting health behavioral change. Several trials on tailored Internet-based interventions for smoking cessation have shown good effects. There have, however, been few attempts to isolate the effect of the tailoring component of an Internet-based intervention for smoking cessation and to compare it with the effectiveness of the other components.
The study aim was to isolate the effect of tailored emails in an Internet-based intervention for smoking cessation by comparing two versions of the intervention, with and without tailored content.
We conducted a two-arm, randomized controlled trial of the open and free Norwegian 12-month follow-up, fully automated Internet-based intervention for smoking cessation, slutta.no. We collected information online on demographics, smoking, self-efficacy, use of the website, and participant evaluation at enrollment and subsequently at 1, 3, and 12 months. Altogether, 2298 self-selected participants aged 16 years or older registered at the website between August 15, 2006 and December 7, 2007 and were randomly assigned to either a multicomponent, nontailored Internet-based intervention for smoking cessation (control) or a version of the same Internet-based intervention with tailored content delivered on the website and via email.
Of the randomly assigned participants, 116 (of 419, response rate = 27.7%) in the intervention group and 128 (of 428, response rate = 29.9%) in the control group had participated over the 12 months and responded at the end of follow-up. The 7-day intention-to-treat abstinence rate at 1 month was 15.2% (149/982) among those receiving the tailored intervention, compared with 9.4% (94/999) among those who received the nontailored intervention (P < .001). The corresponding figures at 3 months were 13.5% (122/902) and 9.4% (84/896, P =.006) and at 12 months were 11.2% (47/419) and 11.7% (50/428, P = .91). Likewise, the intervention group had higher self-efficacy and perceived tailoring at 1 and 3 months. Self-efficacy was found to partially mediate the effect of the intervention.
Tailoring an Internet-based intervention for smoking cessation seems to increase the success rates in the short term, but not in the long term.
研究表明，在支持健康行为改变方面，量身定制的材料优于非量身定制的材料。几项针对基于互联网的戒烟量身定制干预措施的试验已显示出良好效果。然而，几乎没有人尝试分离基于互联网的戒烟干预措施中量身定制部分的效果，并将其与其他部分的效果进行比较。
本研究旨在通过比较有和没有量身定制内容的两种干预版本，分离基于互联网的戒烟干预措施中量身定制电子邮件的效果。
我们对免费开放的挪威为期12个月随访的、完全自动化的基于互联网的戒烟干预措施slutta.no进行了双臂随机对照试验。我们在入组时以及随后的1个月、3个月和12个月在线收集了有关人口统计学、吸烟情况、自我效能感、网站使用情况和参与者评估的信息。2006年8月15日至2007年12月7日期间，共有2298名16岁及以上的自选择参与者在该网站注册，并被随机分配到基于互联网的多成分非量身定制戒烟干预措施（对照组）或同一基于互联网的干预措施的一个版本，该版本在网站上并通过电子邮件提供量身定制的内容。
在随机分配的参与者中，干预组12个月内有116人（419人中，应答率 = 27.7%）参与并在随访结束时做出回应，对照组有128人（428人中，应答率 = 29.9%）。接受量身定制干预的参与者中，1个月时的7天意向性治疗戒烟率为15.2%（149/982），而接受非量身定制干预的参与者中为9.4%（94/999）（P <.001）。3个月时相应的数字分别为13.5%（122/902）和9.4%（84/896，P =.006），12个月时分别为11.2%（47/419）和11.7%（50/428，P =.91）。同样，干预组在1个月和3个月时自我效能感更高且感觉是量身定制的。发现自我效能感部分介导了干预的效果。
为戒烟量身定制基于互联网的干预措施似乎在短期内能提高成功率，但长期来看并非如此。
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