INSERM, U, Nutriomique Team 7, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, UMR S, Paris, France.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2012 Jan;95(1):49-63. doi: 10.3945/ajcn.111.017277. Epub 2011 Dec 14.
The most effective and safe dietary approach for weight loss and its impact on the metabolic functions and morphology of adipose tissue remain unclear.
We evaluated whether an energy-restricted high-protein diet with a low glycemic index and soluble fiber (LC-P-LGI) would be more effective than a low-calorie conventional diet (LC-CONV) on weight loss and related metabolic risk factors. We further determined factors that may influence adipocyte size during energy restriction.
Thirteen obese participants were randomly assigned in a crossover design to 2 periods of a 4-wk hypocaloric diet as either LC-P-LGI or LC-CONV, separated by 8-wk washout intervals.
In comparison with the LC-CONV diet, the main effect of the LC-P-LGI diet was a greater decrease in adipocyte diameter (P = 0.048), plasma plasminogen activator inhibitor protein-1 (P = 0.019), vascular endothelial growth factor (P = 0.032), and interferon-γ inducible protein 10 (P = 0.010). Whereas fasting plasma glucose and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein decreased only after the LC-P-LGI diet, with no differences between diets, fasting plasma insulin and insulin resistance were lower after the LC-CONV diet. The diet results did not differ for body composition and lipid variables. Kinetic modifications in adipocyte diameter were associated with metabolic variables and genes implicated in adipocyte proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis.
In comparison with the LC-CONV diet, the LC-P-LGI diet was associated with improvement in some cardiometabolic risk factors and greater reduction in adipocyte size. Profiles of genes involved in inhibiting adipogenesis and angiogenesis, but increasing apoptosis, were correlated with decreased adipocyte size. This study provides insight into the adipose tissue-remodeling changes that induce regulation of adipocyte size during dietary weight loss. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01312740.
目前，对于最有效的减肥方法以及这种方法对代谢功能和脂肪组织形态的影响还不是很清楚。
我们评估了限制能量的高蛋白、低血糖指数和可溶性纤维饮食（LC-P-LGI）与低热量常规饮食（LC-CONV）相比，在减肥和相关代谢风险因素方面是否更有效。我们还进一步确定了在能量限制过程中可能影响脂肪细胞大小的因素。
13 名肥胖参与者采用交叉设计随机分为 2 组，分别接受为期 4 周的低热量饮食，即 LC-P-LGI 或 LC-CONV，间隔 8 周洗脱期。
与 LC-CONV 饮食相比，LC-P-LGI 饮食的主要作用是使脂肪细胞直径明显减小（P = 0.048），同时使血浆纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1（P = 0.019）、血管内皮生长因子（P = 0.032）和干扰素-γ诱导蛋白 10（P = 0.010）降低。虽然只有在接受 LC-P-LGI 饮食后，空腹血糖和高敏 C 反应蛋白才会降低，而两种饮食之间没有差异，但空腹胰岛素和胰岛素抵抗在接受 LC-CONV 饮食后会降低。两种饮食对身体成分和血脂变量没有影响。脂肪细胞直径的变化与代谢变量和涉及脂肪细胞增殖、凋亡和血管生成的基因有关。
与 LC-CONV 饮食相比，LC-P-LGI 饮食与一些心血管代谢风险因素的改善以及脂肪细胞体积的明显减小有关。与脂肪细胞体积减小相关的是涉及抑制脂肪生成和血管生成、增加凋亡的基因谱。本研究深入了解了在饮食减肥过程中引起脂肪细胞大小调节的脂肪组织重塑变化。该试验在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT01312740。
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