Faculty of Nutrition Sciences and Food Technology, National Nutrition and Food Technology Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Am Coll Nutr. 2012 Apr;31(2):117-25. doi: 10.1080/07315724.2012.10720017.
The recommended composition of a hypocaloric diet for obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of a high-protein, low-glycemic-load diet compared with a conventional hypocaloric diet on reproductive hormones, inflammatory markers, lipids, glucose, and insulin levels in obese women with PCOS.
A total of 60 overweight and obese women with PCOS who did not use insulin-sensitizing agents were recruited and randomly assigned to 1 of the 2 hypocaloric diet groups for a single-blind clinical trial. The groups included a conventional hypocaloric diet (CHCD) (15% of daily energy from protein) and a modified hypocaloric diet (MHCD) with a high-protein, low-glycemic load (30% of daily energy from protein plus low-glycemic-load foods selected from a list) that was prescribed via counseling visits weekly during 12 weeks of study. Anthropometric assessments and biochemical measurements including reproductive hormones, inflammatory factors, lipids, glucose, and insulin were performed on fasting blood samples at baseline and after 12 weeks of dietary intervention.
Weight loss was significant and similar in the 2 groups. Mean of testosterone in the MHCD and CHCD groups decreased from 1.78 ± 0.32 to 1.31 ± 0.26 ng/ml and from 1.51 ± 0.12 to 1.15 ± 0.11 ng/ml, respectively (p < 0.001). Follicle sensitizing hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and blood lipids concentrations were not changed except low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) was reduced by 24.5% ± 12.3% (p < 0.001 for both) after 12 weeks of intervention. MHCD resulted in a significant reduction in insulin level, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA), and high-sensitivity C- reactive protein (hsCRP) concentration (p < 0.001).
In this study both hypocaloric diets significantly led to reduced body weight and androgen levels in these two groups of women with PCOS. The combination of high-protein and low-glycemic-load foods in a modified diet caused a significant increase in insulin sensitivity and a decrease in hsCRP level when compared with a conventional diet.
多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）肥胖女性低热量饮食的推荐组成尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨高蛋白、低血糖负荷饮食与传统低热量饮食对 PCOS 肥胖女性生殖激素、炎症标志物、血脂、血糖和胰岛素水平的影响。
共招募了 60 名未使用胰岛素增敏剂的超重和肥胖 PCOS 女性，并将其随机分配到 2 个低热量饮食组中的 1 个进行单盲临床试验。这两组包括传统低热量饮食（CHCD）（每日能量的 15%来自蛋白质）和高蛋白、低血糖负荷的改良低热量饮食（MHCD）（每日能量的 30%来自蛋白质，外加从列表中选择的低血糖负荷食物），通过每周 1 次的咨询就诊来进行饮食干预，共持续 12 周。在基线和饮食干预 12 周后，对禁食血样进行了人体测量评估和生化测量，包括生殖激素、炎症因子、血脂、血糖和胰岛素。
两组体重均显著下降，且下降幅度相似。MHCD 和 CHCD 组的平均睾酮分别从 1.78±0.32ng/ml 降至 1.31±0.26ng/ml 和从 1.51±0.12ng/ml 降至 1.15±0.11ng/ml（p<0.001）。除了 LDL-C 降低 24.5%±12.3%（p<0.001 两者）外，卵泡刺激素（FSH）、黄体生成素（LH）和血脂浓度均未发生变化。12 周干预后，MHCD 组胰岛素水平、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估（HOMA）和高敏 C 反应蛋白（hsCRP）浓度显著降低（p<0.001）。
在这项研究中，两种低热量饮食都显著降低了这两组 PCOS 女性的体重和雄激素水平。与传统饮食相比，改良饮食中高蛋白和低血糖负荷食物的组合可显著提高胰岛素敏感性并降低 hsCRP 水平。
