减肥和长期维持不同蛋白质和血糖指数饮食对心血管危险因素的影响：饮食、肥胖和基因（DiOGenes）研究：一项随机对照试验。
Effects of weight loss and long-term weight maintenance with diets varying in protein and glycemic index on cardiovascular risk factors: the diet, obesity, and genes (DiOGenes) study: a randomized, controlled trial.
机构信息
Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558 Nuthetal, Germany.
出版信息
Circulation. 2011 Dec 20;124(25):2829-38. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.111.033274. Epub 2011 Nov 21.
BACKGROUND
We sought to separately examine the effects of either weight loss or diets varying in protein content and glycemic index without further changes in body weight on cardiovascular risk factors within the Diet, Obesity, and Genes study (DiOGenes).
METHODS AND RESULTS
DiOGenes is a pan-European controlled dietary intervention study in 932 overweight adults who first lost body weight on an 8-week low-calorie diet and were then randomized to 1 of 5 ad libitum diets for 26 weeks. The diets were either high or low protein or high or low glycemic index in 4 combinations or control. Weight loss (-11.23 kg; 95% confidence interval, -11.54 to -10.92; P<0.001) reduced high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (-1.15 mg/L; 95% confidence interval, -1.30 to -0.41; P<0.001), low- and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, and blood pressure. During the 26-week weight maintenance period in the intention-to-treat analysis, the further decrease of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein blood levels was -0.46 mg/L greater (95% confidence interval, -0.79 to -0.13) in the groups assigned to low-glycemic-index diets than in those on high-glycemic-index diets (P<0.001). Groups on low-protein diets achieved a -0.25 mg/L greater reduction in high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (95% confidence interval, -0.59 to -0.17) than those on high-protein diets (P<0.001), whereas lipid profiles and blood pressure were not differently affected.
CONCLUSIONS
This large-scale intervention study clearly separates weight loss from dietary composition-related effects. Low-glycemic-index carbohydrates and, to a lesser extent, low-protein intake may specifically reduce low-grade inflammation and associated comorbidities in overweight/obese adults.
CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://www.clinicaltrials.gov. Unique identifier: NCT00390637.
背景
我们旨在分别研究减肥或不同蛋白质含量和血糖指数饮食对超重人群心血管危险因素的影响，而不进一步改变体重，这项研究是在 Diet, Obesity, and Genes 研究（DiOGenes）中进行的。
方法和结果
DiOGenes 是一项欧洲范围内的对照饮食干预研究，共纳入 932 名超重成年人，他们首先接受为期 8 周的低热量饮食来减重，随后在体重减轻 11.23kg（95%置信区间，11.54 至 10.92；P<0.001）后，被随机分配至 5 种随意饮食中的 1 种，共 26 周。这 5 种饮食分别为高蛋白、低蛋白、高血糖指数、低血糖指数或对照组饮食，4 种组合中的任意一种。体重减轻（-11.23kg；95%置信区间，-11.54 至 -10.92；P<0.001）可降低高敏 C 反应蛋白（-1.15mg/L；95%置信区间，-1.30 至 -0.41；P<0.001）、低和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇、甘油三酯和血压。在意向治疗分析的 26 周体重维持期间，与高血糖指数饮食组相比，低血糖指数饮食组的高敏 C 反应蛋白水平进一步降低了 0.46mg/L（95%置信区间，-0.79 至 -0.13；P<0.001）。低蛋白饮食组的高敏 C 反应蛋白降低 0.25mg/L（95%置信区间，-0.59 至 -0.17），明显大于高蛋白饮食组（P<0.001），而血脂谱和血压未受到不同影响。
结论
这项大规模干预研究明确区分了体重减轻与饮食成分相关的影响。低血糖指数碳水化合物，在较小程度上，低蛋白摄入可能会特异性地降低超重/肥胖成年人的低度炎症和相关合并症。
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