Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2012 Feb;14(1):1-8. doi: 10.1007/s11908-011-0221-9.
Cholera is an acute, severe diarrheal disease caused by Vibrio cholerae that affects millions of people each year. Without prompt rehydration, death can occur within hours of the onset of symptoms. In October 2010, cholera emerged in Haiti, and the resulting large epidemic continues today. As of August 29, 2011, more than 439,000 cases have been reported in Haiti, with over 6,200 deaths. This review covers important features of epidemiology, pathogenesis, treatment and prevention of cholera, with a focus on the ongoing epidemic in Haiti.
霍乱是一种由霍乱弧菌引起的急性、严重的腹泻病，每年影响数百万人。如果不及时补液，患者可能会在出现症状后的数小时内死亡。2010 年 10 月，霍乱出现在海地，随后爆发了大规模疫情，至今仍在持续。截至 2011 年 8 月 29 日，海地已报告超过 43.9 万例病例，超过 6200 人死亡。本文综述了霍乱的流行病学、发病机制、治疗和预防的重要特征，重点关注海地目前的疫情。
