Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre (BiK-F, LOEWE), Medical Biodiversity and Parasitology, Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung (SGN), Goethe-University (GO), Institute for Ecology, Evolution and Diversity, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
PLoS One. 2011;6(12):e28642. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0028642. Epub 2011 Dec 13.
Parasites of the nematode genus Anisakis are associated with aquatic organisms. They can be found in a variety of marine hosts including whales, crustaceans, fish and cephalopods and are known to be the cause of the zoonotic disease anisakiasis, a painful inflammation of the gastro-intestinal tract caused by the accidental consumptions of infectious larvae raw or semi-raw fishery products. Since the demand on fish as dietary protein source and the export rates of seafood products in general is rapidly increasing worldwide, the knowledge about the distribution of potential foodborne human pathogens in seafood is of major significance for human health. Studies have provided evidence that a few Anisakis species can cause clinical symptoms in humans. The aim of our study was to interpolate the species range for every described Anisakis species on the basis of the existing occurrence data. We used sequence data of 373 Anisakis larvae from 30 different hosts worldwide and previously published molecular data (n = 584) from 53 field-specific publications to model the species range of Anisakis spp., using a interpolation method that combines aspects of the alpha hull interpolation algorithm as well as the conditional interpolation approach. The results of our approach strongly indicate the existence of species-specific distribution patterns of Anisakis spp. within different climate zones and oceans that are in principle congruent with those of their respective final hosts. Our results support preceding studies that propose anisakid nematodes as useful biological indicators for their final host distribution and abundance as they closely follow the trophic relationships among their successive hosts. The modeling might although be helpful for predicting the likelihood of infection in order to reduce the risk of anisakiasis cases in a given area.
寄生虫线虫属的 Anisakis 与水生生物有关。它们可以在各种海洋宿主中被发现，包括鲸鱼、甲壳类动物、鱼类和头足类动物，已知是引起人兽共患疾病的原因，这种疾病是由于误食感染幼虫的生或半生的渔业产品引起的胃肠道炎症。由于鱼类作为饮食蛋白质来源的需求以及全球海鲜产品的出口率迅速增加，了解潜在的食源性人类病原体在海鲜中的分布对人类健康具有重要意义。研究表明，少数 Anisakis 物种会导致人类出现临床症状。我们研究的目的是根据现有的发生数据对每一种已描述的 Anisakis 物种的物种范围进行内插。我们使用了来自全球 30 种不同宿主的 373 个 Anisakis 幼虫的序列数据，以及之前发表的来自 53 种特定领域出版物的分子数据（n = 584），使用一种插值方法来模拟 Anisakis spp. 的物种范围，该方法结合了 alpha 壳插值算法和条件插值方法的特点。我们的方法结果强烈表明，Anisakis spp. 在不同气候带和海洋中的物种分布模式存在特异性，这些模式原则上与它们各自的终宿主的分布模式一致。我们的结果支持了先前的研究，即提议用棘头虫线虫作为其终宿主分布和丰度的有用生物指标，因为它们密切跟随其连续宿主之间的营养关系。该建模方法可能有助于预测感染的可能性，以减少在特定地区发生异尖线虫病的风险。
