Karl Horst, Baumann Florian, Ostermeyer Ute, Kuhn Thomas, Klimpel Sven
Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish Products, Federal Research Institute for Nutrition and Food, Max Rubner-Institut, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany.
Dis Aquat Organ. 2011 May 9;94(3):201-9. doi: 10.3354/dao02317.
The prevalence, mean intensity and distribution of Anisakis nematode third-stage larvae (L3) in the muscle and viscera of wild-caught chum salmon Oncorhynchus keta, pink salmon O. gorbuscha and sockeye salmon O. nerka were compared immediately after catch. Salmon were collected during the fishing season in July 2007 in Bristol Bay and Prince William Sound close to Cordova, Alaska (USA). All fish were infected, and more than 90% of the nematode larvae were found in the edible muscle meat. The isolated anisakid L3 were genetically identified as A. simplex (s.s.). The distribution of nematodes in the muscle meat of fresh-caught salmon was examined in 49 O. keta, 50 O. nerka and 12 O. gorbuscha from Cordova. Most of the larvae were detected in the muscle parts around the body cavity, but nematodes were also found in the tail meat and epaxial muscle (loins). The mean intensity of Anisakis larvae in the edible part was 21 individuals for O. gorbuscha, 62 individuals for O. keta and 63 individuals for O. nerka. No difference in the intensity of Anisakis larvae in the hypaxial muscle was found between fresh-caught and immediately gutted salmon and individuals stored ungutted for 24 h either on ice or in refrigerated sea water.
对捕获后立即采集的野生大麻哈鱼（Oncorhynchus keta）、细鳞大麻哈鱼（O. gorbuscha）和红大麻哈鱼（O. nerka）肌肉和内脏中异尖线虫第三期幼虫（L3）的流行率、平均感染强度及分布情况进行了比较。于2007年7月捕鱼季节期间，在美国阿拉斯加科尔多瓦附近的布里斯托尔湾和威廉王子湾采集鲑鱼。所有鱼类均受到感染，并且90%以上的线虫幼虫发现于可食用的肌肉中。分离出的异尖线虫L3经基因鉴定为简单异尖线虫（Anisakis simplex，s.s.）。对来自科尔多瓦的49条大麻哈鱼、50条红大麻哈鱼和12条细鳞大麻哈鱼新鲜捕获的肌肉中寄生虫的分布情况进行了检查。大部分幼虫在体腔周围的肌肉部位被检测到，但在尾肉和轴上肌（腰部）中也发现有线虫。可食用部分异尖线虫幼虫的平均感染强度在细鳞大麻哈鱼中为21条/个体，在大麻哈鱼中为62条/个体，在红大麻哈鱼中为63条/个体。在新鲜捕获的鱼、立即去内脏的鱼以及在冰上或冷藏海水中未去内脏保存24小时的鱼的轴下肌中，异尖线虫幼虫的感染强度未发现差异。
