Hoquet diabolique: intractable hiccups as a manifestation of multiple sclerosis.

In three patients, intractable hiccups occurred as part of the symptomatology of multiple sclerosis. In one patient intractable hiccups were the presenting complaint, and in another patient exacerbations of symptoms were almost always heralded by intractable hiccups. Intractable hiccups occur in a variety of diseases, including many that affect the brainstem and cervical cord, but have not been reported in multiple sclerosis. The hiccup may be a "primitive" gastrointestinal reflex that is disinhibited by lesions such as multiple sclerosis plaques. Carbamazepine was successful in arresting the hiccups in one of the cases presented.