Sprott Centre for Stem Cell Research, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute Ottawa, 501 Smyth Road Ottawa, Ontario K1H 8L6, Canada.
Nat Rev Mol Cell Biol. 2011 Dec 21;13(2):127-33. doi: 10.1038/nrm3265.
Satellite cells are a heterogeneous population of stem and progenitor cells that are required for the growth, maintenance and regeneration of skeletal muscle. The transcription factors paired-box 3 (PAX3) and PAX7 have essential and overlapping roles in myogenesis. PAX3 acts to specify embryonic muscle precursors, whereas PAX7 enforces the satellite cell myogenic programme while maintaining the undifferentiated state. Recent experiments have suggested that PAX7 is dispensable in adult satellite cells. However, these findings are controversial, and the issue remains unresolved.
卫星细胞是一种具有干细胞和祖细胞特性的异质性细胞群体，对于维持和再生骨骼肌的生长至关重要。转录因子配对盒基因 3（PAX3）和 PAX7 在肌发生中具有重要且重叠的作用。PAX3 作用于指定胚胎肌肉前体，而 PAX7 则在维持未分化状态的同时执行卫星细胞的成肌程序。最近的实验表明，PAX7 在成年卫星细胞中是可有可无的。然而，这些发现存在争议，问题仍然没有得到解决。
