University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904-4400, USA.
Child Dev. 2012 Jan-Feb;83(1):337-50. doi: 10.1111/j.1467-8624.2011.01682.x. Epub 2011 Dec 21.
The extent to which peer influences on substance use in adolescence systematically vary in strength based on qualities of the adolescent and his or her close friend was assessed in a study of 157 adolescents (age: M = 13.35, SD = 0.64), their close friends, and their parents assessed longitudinally with a combination of observational, analogue, sociometric, and self-report measures from early to mid adolescence. The degree to which adolescents changed their levels of substance use in accord with their peers' baseline levels of use was predicted by a range of theoretically salient factors including: observed teen lack of autonomy and social support in prior interactions with mothers, low teen refusal skills, and the level of social acceptance of their close friend. Findings suggest the importance of both internal factors (e.g., autonomy and relatedness struggles) and external factors (e.g., social status of friends) in explaining why vulnerability to peer influence processes may be much greater for some adolescents than others.
本研究对 157 名青少年（年龄：M=13.35，SD=0.64）及其亲密朋友及其父母进行了纵向评估，评估结合了观察、模拟、社会计量和自我报告的测量方法，从青少年早期到中期。研究评估了同伴对青少年物质使用的影响在多大程度上基于青少年及其亲密朋友的特质而系统地存在强度差异。青少年与同伴的物质使用基线水平相吻合的程度会受到一系列理论上有意义的因素的影响，包括：与母亲之前的互动中观察到的青少年缺乏自主性和社会支持、青少年拒绝技能低、以及其亲密朋友的社会接纳程度。研究结果表明，内部因素（例如，自主性和相关关系的挣扎）和外部因素（例如，朋友的社会地位）在解释为什么某些青少年比其他青少年更容易受到同伴影响过程的影响方面都非常重要。
