Rowan Zachary R
Department of Criminology and Criminal Justice, University of Maryland, 2220 LeFrak Hall, College Park, MD, 20740, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2016 Jul;45(7):1482-96. doi: 10.1007/s10964-016-0473-7. Epub 2016 Mar 24.
Efforts to understand peer influence among adolescents have established the robust relationship between having substance using peers and future substance use. Still, research suggests that peer influence affects different types of adolescents in different ways. Black adolescents may be less susceptible to friends compared to white adolescents and possess stronger family-orientation, suggesting that siblings may affect deviance of Black adolescents whereas friends will have a minimal impact. This study used data from the first two waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to evaluate the relative strength of best friend and siblings' influence as risk factors for Black and White adolescents' alcohol and cigarette use. Approximately 182 Black sibling pairs (37 % male) and 657 white sibling pairs (46 % male) that ranged in ages from 11 to 19 were in the longitudinal analyses for the current study. The findings demonstrated that sibling and best friends' substance use explained white adolescents' cigarette and alcohol use, whereas Black adolescents' cigarette and alcohol use was predominantly explained by siblings' substance use. Ultimately, the results indicated the nuanced role that two types of peers have in explaining variation in substance use across Black and White adolescents.
为了解青少年中的同伴影响所做的努力已经证实，有使用毒品的同伴与未来的毒品使用之间存在着稳固的关系。然而，研究表明，同伴影响对不同类型的青少年有着不同的影响方式。与白人青少年相比，黑人青少年可能对朋友的影响不太敏感，并且具有更强的家庭导向性，这表明兄弟姐妹可能会影响黑人青少年的越轨行为，而朋友的影响则微乎其微。本研究使用了青少年到成人健康全国纵向研究前两波的数据，以评估最好的朋友和兄弟姐妹作为黑人与白人青少年饮酒和吸烟风险因素的影响的相对强度。本研究的纵向分析纳入了年龄在11至19岁之间的约182对黑人兄弟姐妹（37%为男性）和657对白人兄弟姐妹（46%为男性）。研究结果表明，兄弟姐妹和最好朋友的毒品使用可以解释白人青少年的吸烟和饮酒行为，而黑人青少年的吸烟和饮酒行为主要由兄弟姐妹的毒品使用来解释。最终，结果表明了两类同伴在解释黑人和白人青少年毒品使用差异方面所起的细微差别作用。
