Department of Chemistry, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy.
Anal Bioanal Chem. 2012 Feb;402(5):1799-811. doi: 10.1007/s00216-011-5610-2. Epub 2011 Dec 22.
Most of the success of electronic devices fabricated to actively interact with a biological environment relies on the proper choice of materials and efficient engineering of surfaces and interfaces. Organic materials have proved to be among the best candidates for this aim owing to many properties, such as the synthesis tunability, processing, softness and self-assembling ability, which allow them to form surfaces that are compatible with biological tissues. This review reports some research results obtained in the development of devices which exploit organic materials' properties in order to detect biologically significant molecules as well as to trigger/capture signals from the biological environment. Among the many investigated sensing devices, organic field-effect transistors (OFETs), organic electrochemical transistors (OECTs) and microcantilevers (MCLs) have been chosen. The main factors motivating this choice are their label-free detection approach, which is particularly important when addressing complex biological processes, as well as the possibility to integrate them in an electronic circuit. Particular attention is paid to the design and realization of biocompatible surfaces which can be employed in the recognition of pertinent molecules as well as to the research of new materials, both natural and inspired by nature, as a first approach to environmentally friendly electronics.
大多数旨在与生物环境主动交互的电子设备的成功都依赖于材料的正确选择和表面及界面的高效工程设计。有机材料由于具有许多特性，如可合成调控、加工、柔软和自组装能力等，已被证明是实现这一目标的最佳候选材料之一，因为它们可以形成与生物组织兼容的表面。本综述报告了一些研究结果，这些研究结果是在开发利用有机材料特性的器件方面取得的，这些器件旨在检测具有生物学意义的分子，并从生物环境中触发/捕获信号。在众多被研究的传感设备中，有机场效应晶体管（OFET）、有机电化学晶体管（OECT）和微悬臂梁（MCL）被选中。选择它们的主要因素是它们的无标记检测方法，这在处理复杂的生物过程时尤为重要，而且还可以将它们集成到电子电路中。特别关注的是设计和实现生物相容性表面，该表面可用于识别相关分子，并研究新的材料，包括天然材料和受自然启发的材料，作为环保电子学的初步方法。
