Department of Applied Physics, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong, 999077, P. R. China.
Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Special Functional Materials and Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, P. R. China.
Adv Mater. 2024 May;36(20):e2300034. doi: 10.1002/adma.202300034. Epub 2023 Jul 30.
Flexible and stretchable biosensors can offer seamless and conformable biological-electronic interfaces for continuously acquiring high-fidelity signals, permitting numerous emerging applications. Organic thin film transistors (OTFTs) are ideal transducers for flexible and stretchable biosensing due to their soft nature, inherent amplification function, biocompatibility, ease of functionalization, low cost, and device diversity. In consideration of the rapid advances in flexible-OTFT-based biosensors and their broad applications, herein, a timely and comprehensive review is provided. It starts with a detailed introduction to the features of various OTFTs including organic field-effect transistors and organic electrochemical transistors, and the functionalization strategies for biosensing, with a highlight on the seminal work and up-to-date achievements. Then, the applications of flexible-OTFT-based biosensors in wearable, implantable, and portable electronics, as well as neuromorphic biointerfaces are detailed. Subsequently, special attention is paid to emerging stretchable organic transistors including planar and fibrous devices. The routes to impart stretchability, including structural engineering and material engineering, are discussed, and the implementations of stretchable organic transistors in e-skin and smart textiles are included. Finally, the remaining challenges and the future opportunities in this field are summarized.
可拉伸和可延展的生物传感器可以为连续获取高保真信号提供无缝和贴合的生物电子接口，从而实现许多新兴应用。有机薄膜晶体管（OTFT）由于其柔软的特性、固有的放大功能、生物相容性、易于功能化、低成本和器件多样性，是用于可拉伸和可延展生物传感的理想换能器。考虑到基于柔性-OFT 的生物传感器的快速发展及其广泛的应用，本文提供了及时和全面的综述。本文首先详细介绍了各种 OTFT 的特点，包括有机场效应晶体管和有机电化学晶体管，以及用于生物传感的功能化策略，重点介绍了开创性工作和最新成果。然后，详细介绍了基于柔性-OFT 的生物传感器在可穿戴、可植入和便携式电子设备以及神经形态生物接口中的应用。随后，特别关注新兴的可拉伸有机晶体管，包括平面和纤维设备。讨论了赋予可拉伸性的途径，包括结构工程和材料工程，并介绍了可拉伸有机晶体管在电子皮肤和智能纺织品中的实现。最后，总结了该领域的剩余挑战和未来机遇。
