Center for Empirical Research in Economics andBehavioral Sciences, University of Erfurt, Germany.
Vaccine. 2012 Feb 1;30(6):1143-8. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.12.021. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
was to improve understanding of mechanisms contributing to healthcare personnel's (HCP) reluctance to get vaccinated against seasonal influenza. We assessed the role of several drivers: vaccination knowledge, vaccination recommendations and the role of the Internet (so-called e-health) in creating vaccination knowledge. The key mechanism under consideration was the perceived own risk (regarding disease and the vaccine).
310 medical students at the Frankfurt University Hospital answered an anonymous questionnaire assessing risk perceptions, intentions to get vaccinated, knowledge, preferences regarding information sources for personal health decisions and search-terms that they would use in a Google-search directed at seasonal influenza vaccination.
The key driver of vaccination intentions was the perceived own risk (of contracting influenza and of suffering from vaccine adverse events). The recommendation to get vaccinated was a significant, yet weaker predictor. As an indirect driver we identified one's knowledge concerning vaccination. 32% of the knowledge questions were answered incorrectly or as don't know. 64% of the students were e-health users; therefore, additional information search via the Internet was likely. An analysis of the websites obtained by googling the search-terms provided by the students revealed 30% commercial e-health websites, 11% anti-vaccination websites and 10% public health websites. Explicit searches for vaccination risks led to fewer public health websites than searches without risk as a search term. Content analysis of the first three websites obtained revealed correct information regarding the questions of whether the doses of vaccine additives were dangerous, whether chronic diseases are triggered by vaccines and whether vaccines promote allergies in 58%, 53% and 34% of the websites, respectively. These questions were especially related to own risk, which strongly predicted intentions. Correct information on vaccination recommendations were provided on 85% of the websites.
Concentrating on the key drivers in early medical education (own risk of contracting influenza, vaccine safety, vaccination recommendation) promises to be a successful combination to increase vaccination uptake in HCP.
旨在提高对导致医疗保健人员（HCP）对接种季节性流感疫苗犹豫不决的机制的理解。我们评估了几个驱动因素的作用：疫苗接种知识、疫苗接种建议以及互联网（所谓的电子健康）在创造疫苗接种知识方面的作用。正在考虑的关键机制是感知到的自身风险（关于疾病和疫苗）。
法兰克福大学医院的 310 名医学生回答了一份匿名问卷，评估了风险认知、接种疫苗的意愿、知识、个人健康决策信息来源偏好以及他们在针对季节性流感疫苗接种的 Google 搜索中使用的搜索词。
接种意愿的关键驱动因素是感知到的自身风险（感染流感和疫苗不良反应的风险）。接种建议是一个重要但较弱的预测因素。作为一个间接驱动因素，我们确定了一个人关于疫苗接种的知识。有 32%的知识问题回答错误或不知道。64%的学生是电子健康用户；因此，通过互联网进行额外的信息搜索很可能。通过分析学生通过搜索词在 Google 上搜索获得的网站，发现 30%的商业电子健康网站、11%的反疫苗网站和 10%的公共卫生网站。与不将风险作为搜索词进行搜索相比，明确搜索疫苗接种风险会导致更少的公共卫生网站。对前三个网站的内容分析表明，关于疫苗添加剂剂量是否危险、慢性病是否由疫苗引发以及疫苗是否会引发过敏的问题，分别有 58%、53%和 34%的网站提供了正确信息。这些问题特别与自身风险有关，而自身风险强烈预测了接种意愿。关于疫苗接种建议的正确信息在 85%的网站上都有提供。
在医学教育早期集中关注关键驱动因素（感染流感的自身风险、疫苗安全性、疫苗接种建议）有望成功结合，提高 HCP 的疫苗接种率。
