Holstein B E, Ito H, Due P
Institut for Social Medicin, Københavns Universitet.
Ugeskr Laeger. 1990 Sep 17;152(38):2721-7.
A total of 1,671 children aged 11, 13 and 15 years from a nationwide random sample of schools completed an anonymous questionnaire on their social backgrounds, social networks, health, life satisfaction, and health behaviour. The proportion practising outdoor activities at least three times a week was 57%; 37% did some physical exercise in their leisure time sufficient to make them breathless or sweat at least four times a week; 43% at least four hours a week. Two thirds were active members of a sports club. A minority of 8% did not carry out any physical exercise during their leisure time sufficient to make them breathless or sweat. Boys did more physical exercise than girls irrespective of the measurement of exercise. The most important motives for physical exercise were to improve health, to get in good shape, to have fun, and to make new friends. More than 90% of the children intended to do physical exercise at the age of 20. High intensity of physical activity was associated with high social class, strong social integration in the peer group, easy contact with parents and friends, physical exercise among parents and best friends, high degree of life satisfaction, and good health.
从全国范围内随机抽取的学校中选取了1671名11岁、13岁和15岁的儿童，他们完成了一份关于其社会背景、社交网络、健康状况、生活满意度和健康行为的匿名调查问卷。每周至少进行三次户外活动的比例为57%；37%的人在休闲时间进行了足够的体育锻炼，每周至少有四次会气喘吁吁或出汗；43%的人每周至少锻炼四小时。三分之二的人是体育俱乐部的活跃成员。少数8%的人在休闲时间没有进行任何足以使其气喘吁吁或出汗的体育锻炼。无论采用何种锻炼衡量方式，男孩进行的体育锻炼都比女孩多。体育锻炼最重要的动机是改善健康、保持良好体型、获得乐趣以及结交新朋友。超过90%的儿童打算在20岁时进行体育锻炼。高强度的体育活动与高社会阶层、在同龄人群体中强大的社会融合度、与父母和朋友的轻松联系、父母和最好的朋友进行体育锻炼、高度的生活满意度以及良好的健康状况相关。
