Department of Medical Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Ups J Med Sci. 2012 Mar;117(1):57-66. doi: 10.3109/03009734.2011.638730. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
People with asthma suffer from impaired health-related quality of life (HRQL), but the determinants of HRQL among asthmatics are not completely understood. The aim of this investigation was to study determinants of low HRQL in asthmatics and to study whether the determinants of HRQL differ between sexes and age groups. A cohort of three age groups in Sweden was investigated in 1990 using a questionnaire with focus on respiratory symptoms. To study quality of life, the generic instrument Gothenburg Quality of Life was used. The participants were also investigated with interviews, spirometry, and allergy testing. Asthma was diagnosed in 616 subjects. Fifty-eight per cent (n = 359) of the subjects were women; and 24% were smokers, 22% ex-smokers, and 54% were non-smokers. Women were more likely than men to report poor health-related quality of life. Respiratory symptoms severity was another independent determinant of a lower quality of life as well as airway responsiveness to irritants. Current and former smokers also reported lower quality of life. Finally, absenteeism from school and work was associated with lower quality of life. Factors such as sex, smoking habits, airway responsiveness to irritants, respiratory symptom severity, allergy, and absenteeism from school and work were associated with low HRQL in asthmatics.
哮喘患者的健康相关生活质量（HRQL）受损，但哮喘患者 HRQL 的决定因素尚不完全清楚。本研究旨在研究哮喘患者 HRQL 降低的决定因素，并研究 HRQL 的决定因素是否因性别和年龄组而异。1990 年，在瑞典的三个年龄组队列中使用了一份重点关注呼吸症状的问卷进行了调查。为了研究生活质量，使用了通用仪器哥德堡生活质量。还通过访谈、肺功能检查和过敏测试对参与者进行了调查。在 616 名受试者中诊断出哮喘。58%（n=359）的受试者为女性；24%为吸烟者，22%为曾经吸烟者，54%为不吸烟者。与男性相比，女性更有可能报告健康相关生活质量较差。呼吸道症状严重程度也是生活质量较低的另一个独立决定因素，以及对刺激物的气道反应性。当前和曾经的吸烟者也报告了较低的生活质量。最后，因病缺勤与生活质量较低有关。性别、吸烟习惯、对刺激物的气道反应性、呼吸道症状严重程度、过敏以及因病缺勤与哮喘患者的低 HRQL 相关。
