Bakalinsky A T, Snow R
Department of Food Science and Technology, Oregon State University, Corvallis 97331-6602.
Yeast. 1990 Sep-Oct;6(5):367-82. doi: 10.1002/yea.320060503.
A general procedure is described for determining the chromosomal constitution of industrial strains of Saccharomyces cerevisiae based on analysis of segregation frequencies for input markers among random spore progeny of industrial-laboratory strain hybrids. The multiply auxotrophic haploid testers used carried a dominant erythromycin-resistance marker, allowing hybrids to be selected in mass matings with spores produced by the wild-type industrial strains. Analysis of a number of independent crosses between the haploid testers and an unselected population of spores of each wine strain distinguished between disomic, trisomic and tetrasomic chromosomal complements in the parents. Possible explanations for a significant class of aberrant segregation frequencies are discussed. Results of the analysis indicate that UCD Enology 522 (Montrachet) is diploid and possibly trisomic for chromosome VII; 522X is diploid; UCD Enology 505 (California Champagne) is disomic for chromosome XVI, trisomic for chromosomes I, II, III, VI, VIII, IX, X, XII, XV, tetrasomic for chromosomes IV, XI, XIII, XIV and either trisomic or tetrasomic for chromosomes V and VII; and that UCD Enology 595 (Pasteur Champagne) is disomic for chromosomes I, II, III, IX, XVI, trisomic for chromosomes IV, VI, X, XII, XIV, XV, tetrasomic for chromosomes V, VIII, XI, XIII and either disomic or tetrasomic for chromosome VII.
本文描述了一种通用程序，用于基于工业实验室菌株杂交体的随机孢子后代中输入标记的分离频率分析，来确定酿酒酵母工业菌株的染色体组成。所使用的多重营养缺陷型单倍体测试菌株携带显性红霉素抗性标记，使得杂交体能够在与野生型工业菌株产生的孢子进行大规模交配时被选择出来。对单倍体测试菌株与每个葡萄酒菌株的未选择孢子群体之间的多个独立杂交进行分析，区分了亲本中的二体、三体和四体染色体互补情况。讨论了一类显著异常分离频率的可能解释。分析结果表明，UCD酿酒学522号菌株（蒙哈榭）是二倍体，可能在染色体VII上为三体；522X是二倍体；UCD酿酒学505号菌株（加利福尼亚香槟）在染色体XVI上为二体，在染色体I、II、III、VI、VIII、IX、X、XII、XV上为三体，在染色体IV、XI、XIII、XIV上为四体，在染色体V和VII上要么为三体要么为四体；并且UCD酿酒学595号菌株（巴斯德香槟）在染色体I、II、III、IX、XVI上为二体，在染色体IV、VI、X、XII、XIV、XV上为三体，在染色体V、VIII、XI、XIII上为四体，在染色体VII上要么为二体要么为四体。
