Macpherson Andrew J, Geuking Markus B, McCoy Kathy D
Maurice Muller Laboratories, University Clinic for Visceral Surgery and Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
Front Biosci (Schol Ed). 2012 Jan 1;4(2):685-98. doi: 10.2741/s293.
Healthy individuals live in peaceful co-existence with an immense load of intestinal bacteria. This symbiosis is advantageous for both the host and the bacteria. For the host it provides access to otherwise undigestible nutrients and colonization resistance against pathogens. In return the bacteria receive an excellent nutrient habitat. The mucosal immune adaptations to the presence of this commensal intestinal microflora are manifold. Although bacterial colonization has clear systemic consequences, such as maturation of the immune system, it is striking that the mutualistic adaptive (T and B cells) and innate immune responses are precisely compartmentalized to the mucosal immune system. Here we summarize the mechanisms of mucosal immune compartmentalization and its importance for a healthy host-microbiota mutualism.
健康个体与大量肠道细菌和平共生。这种共生关系对宿主和细菌都有利。对宿主而言，它提供了获取原本无法消化的营养物质的途径，并对病原体具有定植抗性。作为回报，细菌获得了一个优质的营养栖息地。黏膜免疫系统对这种共生肠道微生物群的存在有多种适应性变化。尽管细菌定植具有明显的全身影响，如免疫系统的成熟，但值得注意的是，相互适应的（T细胞和B细胞）适应性免疫反应和固有免疫反应精确地局限于黏膜免疫系统。在这里，我们总结了黏膜免疫分隔的机制及其对健康宿主-微生物群共生关系的重要性。
