Department of Optometry, B.P. Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal.
Academic and Research Department, B.P. Eye Foundation, Hospital for Children, Eye, ENT, and Rehabilitation Services, Madhyapur Thimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal.
JNMA J Nepal Med Assoc. 2022 Oct 1;60(254):844-847. doi: 10.31729/jnma.7868.
Amblyopia is defined as a reduction in visual acuity unilaterally or bilaterally without any detectable cause. It is a major public health issue in developing and underdeveloped countries. Its prevalence is usually underestimated because of proper study and lack of awareness. The aim of the study was to find out the prevalence of amblyopia among patients attending the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology of a tertiary care centre.
This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among outpatients visiting a tertiary care centre in the Outpatient Department of Ophthalmology between 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019. Ethical approval was obtained from the Institutional Review Board (Registration number: 407/2020 P). All patients had gone through a comprehensive eye examination. Convenience sampling was used. Point estimate and 99% Confidence Interval were calculated.
Among 82972 patients, prevalence of amblyopia was 344 (0.41%) (0.37-0.46, 99% Confidence Interval). Amblyopia was more common in anisometropia 263 (63.50%). A total of 117 (34%) patients had no history of eye examination and were newly diagnosed with amblyopia. Astigmatism was the most common type of refractive error among 224 (56.70%) amblyopic patients.
The prevalence of amblyopia was found to be lower than in previous studies conducted in similar settings. Early detection and diagnosis of amblyopia can help to design more effective plans and treatments to reduce amblyopia through optical correction and amblyopia therapy.
amblyopia; anisometropia; astigmatism; refractive errors.
弱视是指单侧或双侧视力下降，且无任何可检测到的原因。在发展中国家和不发达国家，弱视是一个主要的公共卫生问题。由于缺乏适当的研究和认识，其发病率通常被低估。本研究旨在了解三级保健中心眼科门诊患者弱视的患病率。
这是一项在 2017 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间于三级保健中心眼科门诊就诊的门诊患者中进行的描述性横断面研究。本研究已获得机构审查委员会的伦理批准（注册号：407/2020 P）。所有患者均接受了全面的眼科检查。采用方便抽样法。计算了点估计值和 99%置信区间。
在 82972 名患者中，弱视的患病率为 344 例（0.41%）（0.37-0.46，99%置信区间）。在屈光参差患者中，弱视更为常见（263 例，占 63.50%）。共有 117 例（34%）患者没有进行过眼部检查，新诊断为弱视。在 224 例（56.70%）弱视患者中，散光为最常见的屈光不正类型。
弱视的患病率低于之前在类似环境中进行的研究。早期发现和诊断弱视可以帮助通过光学矫正和弱视治疗来制定更有效的计划和治疗方法，以降低弱视的发生率。
弱视；屈光参差；散光；屈光不正。
