George Warren Brown School of Social Work, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA.
Med Care Res Rev. 2012 Apr;69(2):123-57. doi: 10.1177/1077558711430690. Epub 2011 Dec 26.
Efforts to identify, develop, refine, and test strategies to disseminate and implement evidence-based treatments have been prioritized in order to improve the quality of health and mental health care delivery. However, this task is complicated by an implementation science literature characterized by inconsistent language use and inadequate descriptions of implementation strategies. This article brings more depth and clarity to implementation research and practice by presenting a consolidated compilation of discrete implementation strategies, based on a review of 205 sources published between 1995 and 2011. The resulting compilation includes 68 implementation strategies and definitions, which are grouped according to six key implementation processes: planning, educating, financing, restructuring, managing quality, and attending to the policy context. This consolidated compilation can serve as a reference to stakeholders who wish to implement clinical innovations in health and mental health care and can facilitate the development of multifaceted, multilevel implementation plans that are tailored to local contexts.
为了提高卫生和精神卫生保健服务的质量，已优先努力确定、开发、完善和检验传播和实施循证治疗的策略。然而，由于实施科学文献的语言使用不一致，并且对实施策略的描述不足，这一任务变得复杂。本文通过展示根据 1995 年至 2011 年期间出版的 205 个来源进行的审查，提出了离散实施策略的综合汇编，为实施研究和实践带来了更深入和更清晰的认识。由此产生的汇编包括 68 个实施策略和定义，这些策略根据六个关键实施过程进行分组：规划、教育、融资、结构调整、质量管理和关注政策环境。该综合汇编可作为希望在卫生和精神卫生保健中实施临床创新的利益攸关方的参考，并有助于制定针对当地情况的多方面、多层次的实施计划。
