Division of Environmental Science and Ecological Engineering, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea.
J Microbiol Biotechnol. 2011 Dec;21(12):1322-9. doi: 10.4014/jmb.1107.07022.
Filamentous fungi colonizing rice straw were collected from 11 different sites in Korea and were identified based on characterization of their morphology and molecular properties. The fungi were divided into 25 species belonging to 16 genera, including 14 ascomycetes, one zygomycete, and one basidiomycete. Fungal cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes were assessed through a two-step process, wherein highly active cellulase- and/or hemicellulaseproducing fungi were selected in a first screening step followed by a second step to isolate the best enzymeproducer. Twenty-five fungal species were first screened for the production of total cellulase (TC), endo-beta-1,4 glucanase (EG), and endo-beta-1,4 xylanase (XYL) using solid-state fermentation with rice straw as substrate. From this screening, six species, namely, Aspergillus niger KUC5183, A. ochraceus KUC5204, A. versicolor KUC5201, Mucor circinelloides KUC6014, Trichoderma harzianum 1 KUC5182, and an unknown basidiomycete species, KUC8721, were selected. These six species were then incubated in liquid Mandels' media containing cellulose, glucose, rice straw, or xylan as the sole carbon source and the activities of six different enzymes were measured. Enzyme production was highly influenced by media conditions and in some cases significantly increased. Through this screening process, Trichoderma harzianum 1 KUC5182 was selected as the best enzyme producer. Rice straw and xylan were good carbon sources for the screening of cellulolytic and xylanolytic enzymes.
从韩国的 11 个不同地点采集了定殖在稻草上的丝状真菌，并根据其形态和分子特性进行鉴定。这些真菌被分为 25 个种，属于 16 个属，包括 14 个子囊菌、一个接合菌和一个担子菌。通过两步法评估真菌的纤维素和木聚糖酶，在第一步筛选中选择产高活性纤维素酶和/或半纤维素酶的真菌，然后进行第二步分离最佳酶产生菌。首先，用稻草作为底物进行固态发酵，对 25 种真菌进行总纤维素酶（TC）、内切-β-1,4 葡聚糖酶（EG）和内切-β-1,4 木聚糖酶（XYL）的生产筛选。通过这次筛选，从六种真菌中选出了六种，分别是黑曲霉 KUC5183、桔青霉 KUC5204、变色栓菌 KUC5201、卷毛腐质霉 KUC6014、哈茨木霉 1 KUC5182 和一种未知的担子菌 KUC8721。然后将这六种真菌在含有纤维素、葡萄糖、稻草或木聚糖作为唯一碳源的 Mandels 液体培养基中培养，并测量六种不同酶的活性。酶的产生受到培养基条件的高度影响，在某些情况下显著增加。通过这次筛选，哈茨木霉 1 KUC5182 被选为最佳产酶菌。稻草和木聚糖是筛选纤维素酶和木聚糖酶的良好碳源。
