King's College London, National Addiction Centre, London, UK.
Lancet. 2012 Jan 7;379(9810):71-83. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)61674-7.
Debates about which policy initiatives can prevent or reduce the damage that illicit drugs cause to the public good are rarely informed by scientific evidence. Fortunately, evidence-based interventions are increasingly being identified that are capable of making drugs less available, reducing violence in drug markets, lessening misuse of legal pharmaceuticals, preventing drug use initiation in young people, and reducing drug use and its consequences in established drug users. We review relevant evidence and outline the likely effects of fuller implementation of existing interventions. The reasoning behind the final decisions for action might be of a non-scientific nature, focused more on what the public and policy-makers deem of value. Nevertheless, important opportunities exist for science to inform these deliberations and guide the selection of policies that maximise the public good.
关于哪些政策举措可以预防或减少非法药物对公共利益造成的损害的争论，很少有科学证据提供信息。幸运的是，越来越多的循证干预措施被确定，这些措施能够减少毒品的供应，减少毒品市场的暴力，减少合法药物的滥用，防止年轻人开始使用毒品，并减少已经使用毒品的人的使用和后果。我们审查了相关证据，并概述了充分实施现有干预措施的可能影响。最终决策的背后可能是出于非科学性质的考虑，更多地关注公众和政策制定者认为有价值的东西。然而，科学为这些讨论提供信息并指导选择最大程度地造福公众的政策提供了重要机会。
