Sezione di Scienze della Riproduzione, Dipartimento di Medicina e Scienze dell'Invecchiamento, Facolta di Medicina e Chirurgia, Universita G. d'Annunzio, Chieti-Pescara, Ospedale G. Bernabeo, Contrada S. Andrea, Ortona, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(3):264-9. doi: 10.2174/138161212799040358.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonists (GnRH-ant) are routinely used to prevent premature luteinizing hormone (LH) surges in women undergoing in vitro fertilization (IVF) programs. GnRH-ant act by competitively binding GnRH receptors (GnRHr), leading to rapid pituitary suppression. GnRH-ant can also block extrapituitary GnRHr, including those present in ovary, placenta, and endometrium. A full understanding of the functional roles played by extrapitutary GnRHr, along with a better characterization of the possible reproductive consequences of their blockage may aid the refinement of controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) protocols using GnRHant. This review summarizes current research in the area, especially focusing on the possible impact of GnRH-ant on steroidogenesis, folliculogenesis and endometrial receptivity.
促性腺激素释放激素拮抗剂（GnRH-ant）通常用于预防体外受精（IVF）程序中女性的过早黄体生成素（LH）激增。GnRH-ant 通过竞争性结合 GnRH 受体（GnRHr）起作用，导致垂体快速抑制。GnRH-ant 还可以阻断垂体外 GnRHr，包括卵巢、胎盘和子宫内膜中存在的 GnRHr。充分了解垂体外 GnRHr 发挥的功能作用，以及更好地描述其阻断可能产生的生殖后果，可能有助于完善使用 GnRH-ant 的控制性卵巢刺激（COS）方案。这篇综述总结了该领域的当前研究，特别是重点介绍了 GnRH-ant 对类固醇生成、卵泡发生和子宫内膜容受性的可能影响。
