University of Maine, Orono, USA.
Am J Speech Lang Pathol. 2012 May;21(2):89-100. doi: 10.1044/1058-0360(2011/09-0082). Epub 2012 Jan 9.
This study examined the effect of manipulating several parameters of motor learning theory on participants' phonetic acquisition and retention of utterances in a foreign language (Korean).
Thirty-two native English-speaking participants naïve to the Korean language were each given 10 Korean sentences to practice and learn. The independent variables in the study were the number of practice trials and the feedback schedule. The participants listened to sentences delivered by a native speaker and received feedback according to the schedule. Participant responses were then judged by a panel of native Korean speakers in terms of their intelligibility, naturalness, and precision.
The combination of 20% feedback and 100 practice trials was more effective than other combinations of feedback and practice trial schedule for the retention of novel phonetic productions of Korean phrases both 1 day after training and 1 week later.
These findings are in agreement with previously reported applications of motor learning-guided principles on the acquisition of motoric skills. These findings may have direct implications for both second-language learning and the treatment of neuromotor speech disorders such as apraxia of speech.
本研究考察了在外国语言（韩语）语音习得和保留中，操纵运动学习理论几个参数对参与者的影响。
32 名母语为英语、对韩语一无所知的参与者每人学习 10 个韩语句子。该研究的自变量是练习次数和反馈方案。参与者根据方案听取母语人士的句子并接收反馈。然后，由一组母语为韩语的人士根据可理解性、自然度和准确性对参与者的反应进行判断。
在训练后 1 天和 1 周后，20%的反馈和 100 次练习的组合在保留韩语短语的新语音方面比其他反馈和练习方案的组合更有效。
这些发现与之前报道的运动学习指导原则在运动技能习得中的应用一致。这些发现可能对第二语言学习以及治疗言语运动障碍（如言语失用症）具有直接意义。
