Xu Ying, Barish Philip A, Pan Jianchun, Ogle William O, O'Donnell James M
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Methods Mol Biol. 2012;829:103-24. doi: 10.1007/978-1-61779-458-2_6.
Depression is among the most prevalent forms of mental illness and a major cause of morbidity worldwide. Diagnosis of depression is mainly based on symptomatic criteria, and the heterogeneity of the disease suggests that multiple different biological mechanisms may underlie its etiology. Animal models have been important for recent advances in experimental neuroscience, including modeling of human mood disorders, such as depression and anxiety. Over the past few decades, a number of stress and neurobiochemical models have been developed as primary efficacy measures in depression trials, which are paving the way for the discovery of novel therapeutic targets. Recent data indicates that stress-related mood disorders have influence on neuroplasticity and adult neurogenesis. In this chapter, several currently available animal models are presented as powerful tools for both mechanistic studies into the neurobiology of the antidepressant response and for drug discovery.
抑郁症是最常见的精神疾病形式之一，也是全球发病的主要原因。抑郁症的诊断主要基于症状标准，该疾病的异质性表明多种不同的生物学机制可能是其病因的基础。动物模型对于实验神经科学的最新进展至关重要，包括对人类情绪障碍（如抑郁症和焦虑症）进行建模。在过去几十年中，已经开发了许多应激和神经生化模型作为抑郁症试验的主要疗效指标，为发现新的治疗靶点铺平了道路。最近的数据表明，与应激相关的情绪障碍会影响神经可塑性和成年神经发生。在本章中，介绍了几种目前可用的动物模型，它们是对抗抑郁反应神经生物学进行机制研究以及药物发现的有力工具。
