ILSI Europe a.i.s.b.l., Brussels, Belgium.
Int J Vitam Nutr Res. 2011 Jul;81(4):256-63. doi: 10.1024/0300-9831/a000071.
In Europe, micronutrient dietary reference values have been established by (inter)national committees of experts and are used by public health policy decision-makers to monitor and assess the adequacy of diets within population groups. The approaches used to derive dietary reference values (including average requirements) vary considerably across countries, and so far no evidence-based reason has been identified for this variation. Nutrient requirements are traditionally based on the minimum amount of a nutrient needed by an individual to avoid deficiency, and is defined by the body's physiological needs. Alternatively the requirement can be defined as the intake at which health is optimal, including the prevention of chronic diet-related diseases. Both approaches are confronted with many challenges (e. g., bioavailability, inter and intra-individual variability). EURRECA has derived a transparent approach for the quantitative integration of evidence on Intake-Status-Health associations and/or Factorial approach (including bioavailability) estimates. To facilitate the derivation of dietary reference values, EURopean micronutrient RECommendations Aligned (EURRECA) is developing a process flow chart to guide nutrient requirement-setting bodies through the process of setting dietary reference values, which aims to facilitate the scientific alignment of deriving these values.
在欧洲，（国际）专家委员会已经制定了微量营养素膳食参考值，公共卫生政策决策者用这些值来监测和评估人群饮食的充足程度。各国在推导膳食参考值（包括平均需求量）的方法上存在很大差异，目前还没有发现这种差异存在基于证据的理由。营养需求传统上是基于个人避免营养不足所需的最低营养量来确定的，这是由身体的生理需求决定的。或者，需求也可以定义为摄入最佳健康的水平，包括预防慢性与饮食相关的疾病。这两种方法都面临着许多挑战（例如生物利用度、个体内和个体间的可变性）。EURRECA 已经为摄入-状态-健康关联和/或因素法（包括生物利用度）估计值的证据进行了定量整合，提出了一种透明的方法。为了便于推导膳食参考值，EURopean 微量营养素 RECommendations Aligned（EURRECA）正在开发一个流程图表，为确定膳食参考值的机构提供指导，旨在促进这些值的推导的科学一致性。
