无烟烟草依赖测量工具的有效性和可靠性综述。
A review of the validity and reliability of smokeless tobacco dependence measures.
机构信息
Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, 801 NE 13th Street, CHB-309, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
出版信息
Addict Behav. 2012 Apr;37(4):361-6. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2011.12.003. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
INTRODUCTION
With the growing marketing of alternate tobacco products, advocacy of harm reduction, and smoke free air policies, an overall increase in Smokeless Tobacco (ST) use has been observed since the 1970s. Numerous studies have been published addressing nicotine dependence measures for smokers; however, research in the field of ST dependence measures is scarce.
PURPOSE
The aim of this study is to summarize the psychometric properties of ST dependence measures by evaluating the reliability and validity of these scales through peer review research.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted within the databases of PubMed and OVID Medline. Four publications reporting on the psychometric properties of ST dependence measures were identified; two regarding FTQ based scales, one regarding an FTND based scale, and one comparing two of these modified scales. A predefined set of criteria was used to assess the psychometric properties of these measures.
RESULTS
ST dependence measures depend heavily on two underlying factors, heaviness of tobacco use and withdrawal. The internal consistency of the measures was low to moderate, Cronbach's α ranging from 0.30 to 0.52 Cotinine was used as criterion variable to validate the results of the dependence measures. Concurrent validity against DIS-IV-ND based diagnosis was not established for modified FTQ scale. Predictive validity of these ST dependence scales was measured as abstinence of ST use at three and six months. FTQ-ST was predictive of abstinence at three months however failed to predict six months abstinence.
CONCLUSION
FTQ and FTND based measures have inherited shortcomings and have limited psychometric properties. With ease of use and wide application in tobacco research, these measures provide preliminary foundation for studying ST dependence. However, the complexity of tobacco dependence requires a multidimensional measure with high validity and reliability for effective prevention care and for research purposes.
简介
自 20 世纪 70 年代以来，随着替代烟草产品的营销不断增加，减少伤害的倡导以及无烟空气政策的实施，观察到无烟烟草（ST）的使用总体上有所增加。已经发表了许多研究来解决吸烟者的尼古丁依赖措施；然而，ST 依赖措施领域的研究却很少。
目的
本研究旨在通过同行评审研究评估这些量表的可靠性和有效性，来总结 ST 依赖措施的心理计量学特性。
方法
在 PubMed 和 OVID Medline 数据库中进行了系统的文献检索。确定了四项报告 ST 依赖措施心理计量学特性的出版物；两项涉及基于 FTQ 的量表，一项涉及基于 FTND 的量表，一项比较了这两种经过修改的量表。使用了一套预先确定的标准来评估这些措施的心理计量学特性。
结果
ST 依赖措施严重依赖于两个基本因素，即烟草使用的严重程度和戒断。这些措施的内部一致性为低至中度，Cronbach's α 范围为 0.30 至 0.52。使用可替宁作为标准变量来验证这些依赖措施的结果。经过修改的 FTQ 量表与 DIS-IV-ND 基于诊断的同时效度未建立。这些 ST 依赖量表的预测效度是通过 ST 使用的三个月和六个月的戒断来衡量的。FTQ-ST 可预测三个月的戒断，但未能预测六个月的戒断。
结论
FTQ 和 FTND 基于的措施存在固有缺陷，心理计量学特性有限。这些措施易于使用且在烟草研究中广泛应用，为研究 ST 依赖提供了初步基础。然而，烟草依赖的复杂性需要一种具有高有效性和可靠性的多维测量方法，以进行有效的预防护理和研究目的。
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