Pang Raina D, Hom Marianne S, Geary Bree A, Doran Neal, Spillane Nichea S, Guillot Casey R, Leventhal Adam M
a Department of Preventive Medicine , University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine , Los Angeles , California , USA.
J Addict Dis. 2014;33(2):83-93. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2014.909695.
Urgency (i.e., the tendency to act rashly during negative/positive affect) may increase vulnerability to a variety of risky behaviors. This cross-sectional study of nontreatment-seeking smokers examined the relationship between urgency, level of nicotine dependence, and smoking reinforcement expectancies. Both positive and negative urgency were associated with nicotine dependence. Mediational analyses illustrated that smoking reinforcement expectancies significantly accounted for urgency-dependence relations, with negative reinforcement expectancies displaying incremental mediational effects. If replicated and extended, these findings may support the use of treatments that modify beliefs regarding smoking reinforcement outcomes as a means of buffering the risk of nicotine dependence carried by urgency.
冲动性（即在消极/积极情绪状态下草率行事的倾向）可能会增加个体从事各种危险行为的易感性。这项针对未寻求治疗的吸烟者的横断面研究，考察了冲动性、尼古丁依赖水平和吸烟强化预期之间的关系。积极冲动性和消极冲动性均与尼古丁依赖有关。中介分析表明，吸烟强化预期显著解释了冲动性与依赖之间的关系，其中消极强化预期表现出递增的中介效应。如果这些发现能够得到重复验证和拓展，那么它们可能支持采用一些治疗方法，这些方法旨在改变对吸烟强化结果的信念，以此作为缓冲冲动性所带来的尼古丁依赖风险的一种手段。
