Babor T F
Department of Psychiatry, University of Connecticut Health Center, Farmington 06032.
CMAJ. 1990 Nov 15;143(10):1070-6.
Recent advances in the technology of behavioural interventions for harmful drinkers have created a new role for clinical practice and new challenges for medical education. Several reports from expert committees have recommended new initiatives in the secondary prevention of alcohol problems through physician-based interventions at the primary care level. The conceptual and scientific bases for these recommendations are discussed in terms of recent studies of harmful and hazardous drinkers. The behavioural principles thought to account for the effectiveness of brief interventions are explained. Despite these promising developments, difficulties are inherent in the introduction of new technologies, especially behavioural technologies, into medical practice. A major challenge to medical education will be the development of academic programs that not only teach skills and competencies in secondary prevention but also deal with the socialization of physicians as behavioural practitioners.
针对有害饮酒者的行为干预技术的最新进展为临床实践带来了新角色，也给医学教育带来了新挑战。专家委员会的几份报告建议，通过基层医疗层面基于医生的干预措施，在酒精问题的二级预防方面采取新举措。根据对有害及危险饮酒者的最新研究，讨论了这些建议的概念和科学依据。解释了被认为是简短干预措施有效性背后原因的行为原则。尽管有这些令人鼓舞的进展，但将新技术，尤其是行为技术引入医学实践存在固有困难。医学教育面临的一个主要挑战将是开发学术项目，这些项目不仅要教授二级预防方面的技能和能力，还要应对医生作为行为从业者的社会化问题。
