School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, UK.
Br J Health Psychol. 2012 Sep;17(3):631-43. doi: 10.1111/j.2044-8287.2011.02060.x. Epub 2012 Jan 16.
Recent interventions report positive results following a multi-component campaign to increase stair climbing. This study investigated the effectiveness of volitional and motivational components of a stair-climbing intervention in the workplace. Design. Interrupted time-series design.
Ascending stair/lift choices, coded by gender, were observed between 08:00-10:00 and 14:15-16:15 on weekdays, in four university buildings (n = 14,138; 46% female). Baseline observations (stage 1; 5 days) preceded a motivational intervention, that is, a poster positioned inside the lift(s), that was positioned in each building (stage 2; 5 days). Next a volitional intervention, that is, point-of-choice prompt, supplemented the motivational one (stage 3; 8 days). Logistic regression analysis of stair/lift choices included the independent variables of intervention components, gender, time of day, building height, number of lifts, and pedestrian traffic.
There was no significant change in stair climbing when the motivational component was positioned alone (Odds Ratio [OR] = 0.93, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 0.85-1.02, p = .123). In contrast, stair climbing increased significantly when the volitional component, that is, the point-of-choice prompt, was added (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.14-1.32, p < .001). During both stages, building height, number of lifts, time of day, and pedestrian traffic were all associated with stair climbing. No significant gender effects were seen.
A motivational component positioned alone, inside the lift(s) did not increase stair climbing. When a volitional component was added, that is, point-of-choice prompt positioned at the time and place where individuals choose their method of ascent, stair climbing increased significantly. Visibility of a prompt at the time behavioural choice is made appears necessary to change actual behaviour.
最近的干预措施报告称，多组分运动增加爬楼梯的活动取得了积极成果。本研究调查了工作场所爬楼梯干预措施中意志和动机成分的有效性。设计：中断时间序列设计。
在四个大学建筑中（n=14138；46%为女性），在工作日的 08:00-10:00 和 14:15-16:15 之间，根据性别对爬楼梯/乘电梯的选择进行编码。在动机干预（即在每个建筑物内放置电梯内的海报）之前进行了基线观察（第 1 阶段；5 天）。接下来，使用选择点提示补充动机干预，这是一种意志干预（第 3 阶段；8 天）。选择楼梯/电梯的逻辑回归分析包括干预措施、性别、时间、建筑物高度、电梯数量和行人交通的独立变量。
当仅放置动机组成部分时，爬楼梯的比例没有显著变化（优势比[OR] = 0.93，95%置信区间[CI] = 0.85-1.02，p=.123）。相比之下，当添加意志组成部分，即选择点提示时，爬楼梯的比例显著增加（OR = 1.23，95% CI = 1.14-1.32，p <.001）。在两个阶段中，建筑物高度、电梯数量、时间和行人交通都与爬楼梯有关。未观察到性别影响。
单独放置在电梯内的动机组成部分不会增加爬楼梯的比例。当添加意志组成部分（即在个人选择上升方法的时间和地点放置选择点提示）时，爬楼梯的比例显著增加。在做出行为选择的时间使提示可见似乎是改变实际行为所必需的。
