Kapka-Skrzypczak Lucyna, Niedźwiecka Joanna, Cyranka Małgorzata, Kruszewski Marcin K, Skrzypczak Maciej, Wojtyła Andrzej
Samodzielna Pracownia Biologii Molekularnej, Instytutu Medycyny Wsi im. W. Chodźki w Lublinie.
Pediatr Endocrinol Diabetes Metab. 2011;17(4):222-6.
Currently used dietary recommendations and requirements are generalized. It applies to both healthy and ailing individuals. These recommendations are meant to avert leading chronic illnesses such as: type 2 diabetes mellitus, obesity, hyperlipidemia, cardiovascular diseases and hypertension. In the future it might be possible to give dietary advice tailored to every - sick and healthy - individual. Nutrigenomics and nutrigenetics are two fields derived from nutrition science and genetics. Their main goal is to elucidate the influence of interactions between genes and diet on individuals' health. This paper shows the examples of metabolic response changes according to diet and chosen gene polymorphisms. It will enable an effective prevention or management of chronic diseases by accurate diet and lifestyle matched to an individual's genetic makeup. It could be useful especially to define predisposition for type 2 diabetes mellitus in young children. It will be possible to change their diet and lifestyle so that they could avoid this chronic disease. There will also be a possibility to detect early the beginning of the illness and choose/select proper treatment. It is important because type 2 diabetes mellitus frequency is up to 90% of all cases of diabetes mellitus. It's often diagnosed too late and a lot of patients have already developed complications caused by this disease. Successful dietotherapy will also be available in such disease entities as dyslipidemias, hypertension and micro- , macronutrients and vitamins defficiences.
目前使用的饮食建议和要求都是通用的。它适用于健康人和病人。这些建议旨在预防主要的慢性疾病，如：2型糖尿病、肥胖症、高脂血症、心血管疾病和高血压。未来有可能针对每个个体（无论患病与否）提供量身定制的饮食建议。营养基因组学和营养遗传学是源自营养科学和遗传学的两个领域。它们的主要目标是阐明基因与饮食之间的相互作用对个体健康的影响。本文展示了根据饮食和所选基因多态性而发生的代谢反应变化的实例。通过与个体基因构成相匹配的精确饮食和生活方式，将能够有效地预防或管理慢性疾病。这对于确定幼儿患2型糖尿病的易感性可能特别有用。将有可能改变他们的饮食和生活方式，从而避免患上这种慢性疾病。也将有可能早期检测出疾病的开始并选择适当的治疗方法。这很重要，因为2型糖尿病占所有糖尿病病例的比例高达90%。它常常被诊断得太晚，许多患者已经出现了由这种疾病引起的并发症。成功的饮食疗法在血脂异常、高血压以及微量营养素、常量营养素和维生素缺乏等疾病实体中也将可行。
