Juma Shanil, Imrhan Victorine, Vijayagopal Parakat, Prasad Chandan
Department of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Texas Woman's University, Denton, Tex., USA.
J Nutrigenet Nutrigenomics. 2014;7(3):153-60. doi: 10.1159/000370213. Epub 2015 Jan 27.
Of all chronic metabolic diseases, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide. Most research over the past 100 years show a link between CVD and lifestyle, including diet; thus, public health messages have focused on modifications of the diet to better manage this disease. Despite this effort, the CVD mortality rate continues to rise. Therefore, is it possible that this failure may be due to individual variability in response to dietary recommendations? The elucidation of the structure of the human genome combined with the knowledge that nutrients are capable of modifying gene expression and genetic variability regulates how individuals respond to a diet have led to the possibility of personalized nutrition for disease prevention. While this possibility is real for the future, our current understanding of nutrient-gene interactions for CVD is limited, making personalized nutrition therapy difficult at this time. With advances in nutritional genomics, in the near future, dietitians and nutritionists will be able to give personalized nutritional advice based on a combination of lifestyle factors and genetics.
在所有慢性代谢疾病中，心血管疾病（CVD）是全球首要死因。过去100年的大多数研究表明，心血管疾病与生活方式（包括饮食）之间存在关联；因此，公共卫生宣传重点关注饮食调整以更好地控制这种疾病。尽管做出了这些努力，心血管疾病死亡率仍在持续上升。那么，这种失败是否可能是由于个体对饮食建议的反应存在差异呢？人类基因组结构的阐明，以及营养素能够改变基因表达且基因变异性决定个体对饮食反应方式的认识，使得疾病预防的个性化营养成为可能。虽然这种可能性在未来是切实可行的，但我们目前对心血管疾病营养-基因相互作用的理解有限，导致目前难以进行个性化营养治疗。随着营养基因组学的发展，在不久的将来，营养师和营养学家将能够根据生活方式因素和基因组合提供个性化营养建议。
