Curtin Health Innovation Research Institute and the School of Public Health, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, WA 6845, Australia.
Nutrients. 2010 Sep;2(9):1036-43. doi: 10.3390/nu2091036. Epub 2010 Sep 17.
The role of calcium in the prevention of bone loss in later life has been well established but little data exist on the adequacy of calcium intakes in elderly Australian women. The aim of this study was to compare the dietary intake including calcium of elderly Australian women with the Australian dietary recommendation, and to investigate the prevalence of calcium supplement use in this population. Community-dwelling women aged 70-80 years were randomly recruited using the Electoral Roll for a 2-year protein intervention study in Western Australia. Dietary intake was assessed at baseline by a 3-day weighed food record and analysed for energy, calcium and other nutrients. A total of 218 women were included in the analysis. Mean energy intake was 7,140 ± 1,518 kJ/day and protein provided 19 ± 4% of energy. Mean dietary calcium intake was 852 ± 298 mg/day, which is below Australian recommendations. Less than one quarter of women reported taking calcium supplements and only 3% reported taking vitamin D supplements. Calcium supplements by average provided calcium 122 ± 427 mg/day and when this was taken into account, total calcium intake increased to 955 ± 504 mg/day, which remained 13% lower than the Estimated Average Requirement (EAR, 1,100 mg/day) for women of this age group. The women taking calcium supplements had a higher calcium intake (1501 ± 573 mg) compared with the women on diet alone (813 ± 347 mg). The results of this study indicate that the majority of elderly women were not meeting their calcium requirements from diet alone. In order to achieve the recommended dietary calcium intake, better strategies for promoting increased calcium, from both diet and calcium supplements appears to be needed.
钙在预防晚年骨质流失方面的作用已得到充分证实，但关于老年澳大利亚女性钙摄入量是否充足的数据却很少。本研究旨在比较老年澳大利亚女性的膳食钙摄入量与澳大利亚膳食推荐量，并调查该人群中钙补充剂的使用情况。在西澳大利亚州，通过选举名单随机招募了年龄在 70-80 岁之间的社区居住女性参加为期 2 年的蛋白质干预研究。在研究开始时，通过 3 天的称重食物记录来评估膳食摄入量，并对能量、钙和其他营养素进行分析。共有 218 名女性纳入分析。平均能量摄入量为 7140 ± 1518kJ/天，蛋白质提供的能量占 19 ± 4%。平均膳食钙摄入量为 852 ± 298mg/天，低于澳大利亚的推荐量。不到四分之一的女性报告服用钙补充剂，只有 3%的女性报告服用维生素 D 补充剂。平均而言，钙补充剂提供钙 122 ± 427mg/天，当考虑到这一点时，总钙摄入量增加到 955 ± 504mg/天，但仍比该年龄组女性的估计平均需求量（EAR，1100mg/天）低 13%。服用钙补充剂的女性的钙摄入量（1501 ± 573mg）高于仅服用饮食的女性（813 ± 347mg）。本研究结果表明，大多数老年女性无法仅通过饮食满足其钙需求。为了达到推荐的膳食钙摄入量，似乎需要更好的策略来促进钙的摄入，包括饮食和钙补充剂。
