Shen Xia, Gu Xue, Liu Yuan-Yuan, Yang Long, Zheng Meng, Jiang Lei
Wuxi Medical College, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China.
Department of Pediatric Cardiothoracic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Ürümqi, China.
Front Nutr. 2023 Feb 9;10:1042522. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1042522. eCollection 2023.
There is only limited evidence for an association between calcium (Ca) and depression, and the relationship was inconsistent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the relationship between dietary Ca and the risk of depressive symptoms in individuals over the age of 18 in the US.
We extracted 14,971 participants from the US National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2016 to probe their associations. Dietary Ca intake was measured through 24 h dietary recall method. Patients with the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) ≥ 10 scores were believed to have depressive symptoms. The association between dietary Ca and depressive symptoms was investigated using multivariate logistic regression, sensitivity analysis, and restricted cubic spline regression.
In this study, 7.6% (1,144/14,971) of them had depressive symptoms. After adjusting for sex, age, race, poverty to income ratio (PIR), marital status, education, body mass index (BMI), caffeine intake, carbohydrates intake, total energy intake, smoking status, alcohol consumption, physical activity, diabetes, hypertension, severe cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, serum vitamin D, serum Ca, and Ca supplement, the adjusted ORs value [95% confidence interval (CI)] of depression for the lowest category (Q1 ≤ 534 mg/day) vs. Q2-Q4 of Ca intake were 0.83 (0.69-0.99), 0.97 (0.65-0.95), and 0.80 (0.63-0.98) with the for trend ( = 0.014). The relationship between dietary Ca intake and depressive symptoms was linear (non-linear = 0.148). None of the interactions were significant except among races ( for interaction = 0.001).
Association between dietary Ca and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in US adults. And Ca intake was negatively associated with the risk of depressive symptoms. As Ca intake increased, the prevalence of depressive symptoms decreased.
关于钙（Ca）与抑郁症之间的关联，仅有有限的证据，且这种关系并不一致。因此，本研究的目的是评估美国18岁以上人群饮食中钙与抑郁症状风险之间的关系。
我们从2007 - 2016年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）中提取了14971名参与者以探究他们之间的关联。通过24小时饮食回忆法测量饮食中钙的摄入量。患者健康问卷-9（PHQ - 9）得分≥10分被认为有抑郁症状。使用多因素逻辑回归、敏感性分析和受限立方样条回归研究饮食中钙与抑郁症状之间的关联。
在本研究中，7.6%（1144/14971）的参与者有抑郁症状。在调整了性别、年龄、种族、贫困收入比（PIR）、婚姻状况、教育程度、体重指数（BMI）、咖啡因摄入量、碳水化合物摄入量、总能量摄入量、吸烟状况、饮酒情况、身体活动、糖尿病、高血压、严重心血管疾病（CVD）、癌症、血清维生素D、血清钙和钙补充剂后，钙摄入量最低类别（Q1≤534毫克/天）与Q2 - Q4相比，抑郁的调整后比值比[95%置信区间（CI）]分别为0.83（0.69 - 0.99）、0.97（0.65 - 0.95）和0.80（0.63 - 0.98），趋势检验P值（P = 0.014）。饮食中钙摄入量与抑郁症状之间的关系是线性的（非线性检验P = 0.148）。除种族间交互作用显著外（交互作用P = 0.001），其他交互作用均不显著。
美国成年人饮食中钙与抑郁症状患病率之间存在关联。钙摄入量与抑郁症状风险呈负相关。随着钙摄入量增加，抑郁症状患病率降低。
