The Division of Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30033, USA.
Nutrients. 2011 Mar;3(3):370-84. doi: 10.3390/nu3030370. Epub 2011 Mar 15.
Periconceptional intake of folic acid is known to reduce a woman's risk of having an infant affected by a neural tube birth defect (NTD). National programs to mandate fortification of food with folic acid have reduced the prevalence of NTDs worldwide. Uncertainty surrounding possible unintended consequences has led to concerns about higher folic acid intake and food fortification programs. This uncertainty emphasizes the need to continually monitor fortification programs for accurate measures of their effect and the ability to address concerns as they arise. This review highlights the history, effect, concerns, and future directions of folic acid food fortification programs.
围孕期摄入叶酸已知可降低女性生育神经管出生缺陷（NTD）患儿的风险。国家实施食物强化叶酸政策已使全球 NTD 的发病率降低。由于担心叶酸摄入增加和食物强化计划可能产生意想不到的后果，因此存在不确定性。这种不确定性强调了需要持续监测强化计划，以准确衡量其效果，并在出现问题时能够解决这些问题。本综述重点介绍了叶酸食物强化计划的历史、效果、关注问题和未来方向。
