急性中风患者的营养不良
Malnutrition in patients with acute stroke.
作者信息
Bouziana Stella D, Tziomalos Konstantinos
机构信息
First Propedeutic Department of Internal Medicine, Medical School, AHEPA Hospital, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54636 Thessaloniki, Greece.
出版信息
J Nutr Metab. 2011;2011:167898. doi: 10.1155/2011/167898. Epub 2011 Dec 27.
Abstract
Stroke is a devastating event that carries a potential for long-term disability. Malnutrition is frequently observed in patients with stroke, and dysphagia contributes to malnutrition risk. During both the acute phase of stroke and rehabilitation, specific nutritional interventions in the context of a multidisciplinary team effort can enhance the recovery of neurocognitive function. Early identification and management of malnutrition with dietary modifications or specific therapeutic strategies to ensure adequate nutritional intake should receive more attention, since poor nutritional status appears to exacerbate brain damage and to contribute to adverse outcome. The main purpose of nutritional intervention should be the prevention or treatment of complications resulting from energy-protein deficit. This paper reviews the evaluation and management of malnutrition and the use of specialized nutrition support in patients with stroke. Emphasis is given to enteral tube and oral feeding and to strategies to wean from tube feeding.
摘要
中风是一种具有导致长期残疾可能性的灾难性事件。中风患者中经常观察到营养不良，吞咽困难会增加营养不良风险。在中风急性期和康复期间，多学科团队协作下的特定营养干预措施可以促进神经认知功能的恢复。通过饮食调整或特定治疗策略早期识别和管理营养不良以确保充足的营养摄入应得到更多关注，因为营养状况不佳似乎会加重脑损伤并导致不良后果。营养干预的主要目的应是预防或治疗能量 - 蛋白质缺乏引起的并发症。本文综述了中风患者营养不良的评估与管理以及特殊营养支持的应用。重点关注肠内管饲和口服喂养以及停止管饲的策略。
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