Cai Yanming, Lv Jungang, Zhang Wen, Zhang Linlin
Agro-Environment Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China.
J Environ Monit. 2012 Mar;14(3):886-92. doi: 10.1039/c2em10807k. Epub 2012 Jan 19.
Xuanwei and Fuyuan are located in the southwest of China and have the highest lung cancer incidence in China, possibly even highest in the world. Dietary samples were collected from these two counties and the contamination status of sixteen polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were determined. PAH components, food constituents, dietary exposure level, as well as spatial difference, were studied in the different groups. The percentage of dietary intake to total intake of PAHs was calculated and the relationship between the dietary intake of PAHs and the abnormal lung cancer incidence was primarily discussed. The results showed that rice and potatoes were the main foods of the local residents in Xuanwei and Fuyuan. The daily exposure doses of Bap (benzo[a]pyrene), total PAHs, and TEQs (toxic equivalents) based on Bap toxicity in two counties were estimated to be 458 ng d(-1), 14,532 ng d(-1), and 896 ng d(-1), respectively, which were much less than those in other cities reported previously. The lower ingestion amount of food with a relatively higher content of PAHs, such as meat and fish, could account for the lower exposure doses. PAHs with less than 4 rings occupied a high percentage of the total PAHs in food samples. The exposure doses varied significantly among different sites and even different families at the same site. Dietary exposure was not the main exposure route of PAHs at most sites. It appears that there was not a direct relationship between dietary exposure and the lung cancer incidence. However, high ratios of dietary intake to total PAHs intake (1.33%-70.61%) were found in several areas and rational diet suggestions should be given in these areas in the future.
宣威和富源位于中国西南部，是中国肺癌发病率最高的地区，甚至可能是世界上肺癌发病率最高的地区。从这两个县采集了膳食样本，并测定了16种多环芳烃（PAHs）的污染状况。对不同组别的PAH成分、食物成分、膳食暴露水平以及空间差异进行了研究。计算了PAHs膳食摄入量占总摄入量的百分比，并初步探讨了PAHs膳食摄入量与肺癌异常发病率之间的关系。结果表明，大米和土豆是宣威和富源当地居民的主要食物。据估计，两县基于苯并[a]芘毒性的苯并[a]芘（Bap）、总PAHs和毒性当量（TEQs）的每日暴露剂量分别为458 ng d⁻¹、14,532 ng d⁻¹和896 ng d⁻¹，远低于先前报道的其他城市。PAHs含量相对较高的食物（如肉类和鱼类）摄入量较低，这可能是暴露剂量较低的原因。食物样本中，四环以下的PAHs占总PAHs的比例较高。不同地点甚至同一地点的不同家庭之间，暴露剂量差异显著。在大多数地点，膳食暴露并非PAHs的主要暴露途径。膳食暴露与肺癌发病率之间似乎没有直接关系。然而，在几个地区发现膳食摄入量占PAHs总摄入量的比例较高（1.33%-70.61%），未来应在这些地区给出合理的饮食建议。
