Marx J
Section of Emergency Medicine, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver.
Emerg Med Clin North Am. 1990 Nov;8(4):929-38.
Countermeasures to alcohol-related trauma are essential. The public perception that there is low risk of detection and punishment for alcohol-precipitated violence is being addressed. Current legislation is aimed at decreasing the availability of alcohol (e.g., adjusting legal drinking age, decreasing the serum alcohol intoxication limit, restricting the sale of alcoholic beverages at public events), increasing detection (e.g., greater driver surveillance, increased number of dedicated personnel), strengthening legal penalties for alcohol-related offenses, and mandating rehabilitative therapy. Physicians can intervene in the alcohol-trauma cycle. Unfortunately, they are notably poor in detecting the patient with alcohol-related injury. Moreover, physicians infrequently refer these patients to facilities and personnel that are expert in alcohol detoxification and rehabilitation. Recidivism can be positively impacted by physicians who are sensitive to and versed in the medical and social patterns of alcohol abuse.
应对与酒精相关的创伤的对策至关重要。公众认为因酒精引发的暴力行为被发现和惩处的风险较低这一观念正在得到解决。现行立法旨在减少酒精的可得性（例如，调整法定饮酒年龄、降低血液酒精中毒限度、限制在公共活动中销售酒精饮料）、加强检测（例如，加强对司机的监管、增加专门人员数量）、强化对与酒精相关犯罪的法律处罚，并强制进行康复治疗。医生可以干预酒精创伤循环。不幸的是，他们在识别酒精相关损伤患者方面表现极差。此外，医生很少将这些患者转介到擅长酒精解毒和康复的机构及人员处。对酒精滥用的医学和社会模式敏感且精通的医生可以对累犯产生积极影响。
