Diomede L, Tacconi M T, Agosti S, Salmona M
Laboratory for Enzyme Research, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche, Mario Negri, Milan, Italy.
Exp Lung Res. 1990 Sep-Oct;16(5):507-19. doi: 10.3109/01902149009068823.
The variation of amniotic fluid microviscosity with gestational age was measured in rat, rabbit, and guinea pig. In rat, the changes followed the same pattern as known for women, microviscosity being high during early and mid-gestation and markedly lowering 12 h before delivery. Surprisingly, an opposite trend was observed in rabbit and guinea pig amniotic fluid. Moreover, the lecithin to sphingomyelin ratio markedly rose in late gestation in all species considered. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of lipids and phospholipids were performed in woman and rabbit amniotic fluids at early and late gestational ages. Among all the parameters measured, the most important differences that can influence the amniotic fluid microviscosity are the presence of very high levels of lysophosphatidylcholine both in early and late gestation in rabbit (much higher than in woman) and the cholesterol to total phospholipid ratio which decreased with gestational age in woman but remained stable in rabbit. The Arrhenius plot of the logarithm of microviscosity against the reciprocal of absolute temperature of mature and immature amniotic fluids from woman and rabbit was also determined. The temperature profiles confirmed the differences in lipid profile between woman and rabbit in early and late gestation which could be quantified on a physicochemical basis by determining the activation energy (delta E) at 25 degrees and 37 degrees C for each curve. This confirmed the opposite patterns in woman and rabbit and showed that amniotic fluid from the immature rabbit was the most fluid.
在大鼠、兔和豚鼠中测量了羊水微粘度随胎龄的变化。在大鼠中，变化模式与已知的人类相同，即妊娠早期和中期微粘度较高，在分娩前12小时显著降低。令人惊讶的是，在兔和豚鼠的羊水中观察到相反的趋势。此外，在所研究的所有物种中，妊娠晚期卵磷脂与鞘磷脂的比率均显著升高。对人类和兔妊娠早期和晚期羊水的脂质和磷脂进行了定性和定量分析。在所有测量参数中，影响羊水微粘度的最重要差异是兔妊娠早期和晚期均存在非常高水平的溶血磷脂酰胆碱（远高于人类），以及胆固醇与总磷脂的比率，该比率在人类中随胎龄降低，但在兔中保持稳定。还测定了人类和兔成熟及未成熟羊水微粘度对数与绝对温度倒数的阿累尼乌斯图。温度曲线证实了人类和兔妊娠早期和晚期脂质谱的差异，通过确定每条曲线在25℃和37℃下的活化能（δE），可以在物理化学基础上对其进行量化。这证实了人类和兔的相反模式，并表明未成熟兔的羊水流动性最强。
