Department of Surgery and Anaesthesiology of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium.
Vet J. 2012 Aug;193(2):408-11. doi: 10.1016/j.tvjl.2011.12.004. Epub 2012 Jan 20.
Given the significance of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections for both horses and staff in equine veterinary hospitals, protocols are required to minimise the risk of nosocomial transmission, including the screening of the skin and nasal chambers of equine patients for evidence of infection. The objective of this study was to clarify the potential existence and extent of MRSA on the skin of horses requiring long-term hospitalisation (≥ 6 months). Thirty such horses were sampled at eight different locations on their skin and from their nasal chambers. MRSA was isolated from 12 animals (40%), with all sample sites testing positive on at least one occasion. Organisms were most frequently detected in the nasal chambers (relative sensitivity, 83.3%; 34.5% positive horses; isolation rate 33.3%). Skin presence was found in 30% of animals with the highest isolation rates found at the carpus (16.7%), neck, withers and croup (13.3% each). To achieve a relative screening sensitivity of >90%, at least one skin site was required in addition to nasal sampling. This evidence of skin as well as nasal reservoirs of MRSA in long-term hospitalised horses should facilitate the design of effective screening and containment protocols.
鉴于耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）感染对马和马兽医医院工作人员的重要性，需要制定方案来最大限度地降低医院内传播的风险，包括对马患者的皮肤和鼻腔进行感染证据筛查。本研究的目的是阐明需要长期住院（≥6 个月）的马的皮肤中 MRSA 的存在情况及其程度。对 30 匹这样的马进行了采样，在其皮肤的 8 个不同部位和鼻腔进行了采样。从 12 匹动物（40%）中分离出了 MRSA，所有采样部位至少有一次呈阳性。在鼻腔中最常检测到微生物（相对灵敏度 83.3%；34.5%的阳性马匹；分离率 33.3%）。30%的动物存在皮肤感染，腕关节、颈部、肩胛和背侧部的分离率最高（各为 13.3%）。为了实现 >90%的相对筛查灵敏度，除了鼻腔采样外，还需要至少一个皮肤部位。这些长期住院的马存在皮肤和鼻腔 MRSA 储库的证据，这有助于设计有效的筛查和控制方案。
