Experimental Oncology, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico, IRCSS-National Cancer Institute, Aviano, PN, Italy.
Oncogene. 2012 Oct 25;31(43):4577-87. doi: 10.1038/onc.2011.621. Epub 2012 Jan 23.
Tiling array and novel sequencing technologies have made available the transcription profile of the entire human genome. However, the extent of transcription and the function of genetic elements that occur outside of protein-coding genes, particularly those involved in disease, are still a matter of debate. In this review, we focus on long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) that are involved in cancer. We define lncRNAs and present a cancer-oriented list of lncRNAs, list some tools (for example, public databases) that classify lncRNAs or that scan genome spans of interest to find whether known lncRNAs reside there, and describe some of the functions of lncRNAs and the possible genetic mechanisms that underlie lncRNA expression changes in cancer, as well as current and potential future applications of lncRNA research in the treatment of cancer.
平铺阵列和新型测序技术已经可以获得整个人类基因组的转录谱。然而，转录的程度和发生在蛋白质编码基因之外的遗传元件的功能，特别是那些与疾病有关的遗传元件的功能，仍然存在争议。在这篇综述中，我们专注于涉及癌症的长非编码 RNA（lncRNA）。我们定义了 lncRNA，并提出了一个面向癌症的 lncRNA 列表，列出了一些分类 lncRNA 的工具（例如公共数据库），或者扫描感兴趣的基因组跨度以确定是否存在已知的 lncRNA，并描述了 lncRNA 的一些功能和可能的遗传机制，这些机制是癌症中 lncRNA 表达变化的基础，以及 lncRNA 研究在癌症治疗中的当前和潜在未来应用。
