Division of Pediatric Radiology, Russell H. Morgan Department of Radiology and Radiological Science, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA.
J Neuroimaging. 2012 Apr;22(2):e1-e17. doi: 10.1111/j.1552-6569.2011.00688.x. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Traumatic head/brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of death and life-long disability in children. The biomechanical properties of the child's brain and skull, the size of the child, the age-specific activity pattern, and higher degree of brain plasticity result in a unique distribution, degree, and quality of TBI compared to adult TBI. A detailed knowledge about the various types of primary and secondary pediatric head injuries is essential to better identify and understand pediatric TBI. The goals of this review article are (1) to discuss the unique epidemiology, mechanisms, and characteristics of TBI in children, and (2) to review the anatomical and functional imaging techniques that can be used to study common and rare pediatric traumatic brain injuries and their complications.
创伤性头部/脑损伤（TBI）是儿童死亡和终身残疾的主要原因。儿童大脑和颅骨的生物力学特性、儿童的体型、特定年龄的活动模式以及更高程度的大脑可塑性，导致 TBI 的分布、程度和质量与成人 TBI 相比具有独特性。详细了解各种类型的原发性和继发性儿科头部损伤对于更好地识别和理解儿科 TBI 至关重要。本文综述的目的是：（1）讨论儿童 TBI 的独特流行病学、机制和特征；（2）综述可用于研究常见和罕见儿科创伤性脑损伤及其并发症的解剖和功能成像技术。
