Department of Biology, Indiana University Bloomington, Bloomington, IN 47405, United States.
Curr Opin Microbiol. 2012 Apr;15(2):194-203. doi: 10.1016/j.mib.2011.12.013. Epub 2012 Jan 24.
Streptococcus pneumoniae is a serious human respiratory pathogen that has the capacity to evade capsule-based vaccines and to develop multidrug antibiotic resistance. This review summarizes recent advances in understanding the mechanisms and regulation of peptidoglycan (PG) biosynthesis that result in ellipsoid-shaped, ovococcus Streptococcus cells. New results support a two-state model for septal and peripheral PG synthesis at mid-cell, involvement of essential cell division proteins in PG remodeling, and mid-cell localization of proteins that organize PG biosynthesis and that form the protein translocation apparatus. PG biosynthesis proteins have already turned up as promising vaccine candidates and targets of antibiotics. Properties of several recently characterized proteins that mediate or regulate PG biosynthesis suggest a source of additional targets for therapies against pneumococcus.
肺炎链球菌是一种严重的人类呼吸道病原体，能够逃避基于荚膜的疫苗，并产生多种药物抗生素耐药性。本综述总结了近年来在理解导致椭圆形、卵形球菌细胞形成的肽聚糖 (PG) 生物合成机制和调控方面的最新进展。新的结果支持了中隔和周边 PG 合成的两种状态模型，必需的细胞分裂蛋白在 PG 重塑中的参与，以及组织 PG 生物合成和形成蛋白易位装置的蛋白在中隔的定位。PG 生物合成蛋白已经成为有前途的疫苗候选物和抗生素靶标。最近鉴定的几种介导或调节 PG 生物合成的蛋白的特性表明，针对肺炎球菌的治疗方法可能有其他潜在的靶点。
