San Raffaele Scientific Institute and Universita Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Via Olgettina 60, Milan, Italy.
Curr Pharm Des. 2012;18(7):981-1004. doi: 10.2174/138161212799436467.
Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone (RAAS) is a hormone system which acts on multiple physiologic pathways primarily by regulating blood pressure and fluid balance, but also by local autocrine and paracrine actions. In pathophysiologic conditions RAAS also contributes to the development of atherosclerosis and its various manifestations, both directly and indirectly through the actions on other systems. RAAS mainly acts as a promoter of atherosclerosis by its action on vessels, and by promoting the development of hypertension, insulin resistance and diabetes, obesity, vascular and systemic inflammation. As RAAS plays a key role in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases, RAAS genes have been extensively studied as candidate genes for atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Several polymorphisms of its genes have been found to be in relationship with atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases. In this review we will discuss these issues and present the most recent advances about this topic.
肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮（RAAS）系统是一种激素系统，主要通过调节血压和体液平衡来作用于多种生理途径，但也通过局部自分泌和旁分泌作用来发挥作用。在病理生理条件下，RAAS 还通过对其他系统的作用，直接和间接地参与动脉粥样硬化及其各种表现的发生发展。RAAS 主要通过其对血管的作用以及通过促进高血压、胰岛素抵抗和糖尿病、肥胖、血管和全身炎症的发展来促进动脉粥样硬化的形成。由于 RAAS 在心血管疾病的发病机制中起着关键作用，因此 RAAS 基因已被广泛研究为动脉粥样硬化和冠心病的候选基因。已经发现其基因的几个多态性与动脉粥样硬化和心血管疾病有关。在这篇综述中，我们将讨论这些问题，并介绍该主题的最新进展。
