National Institute for Infectious Diseases "L Spallanzani", Rome, Italy.
BMC Infect Dis. 2012 Jan 28;12:27. doi: 10.1186/1471-2334-12-27.
In Emergency and Medical Admission Departments (EDs and MADs), prompt recognition and appropriate infection control management of patients with Highly Infectious Diseases (HIDs, e.g. Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers and SARS) are fundamental for avoiding nosocomial outbreaks.
The EuroNHID (European Network for Highly Infectious Diseases) project collected data from 41 EDs and MADs in 14 European countries, located in the same facility as a national/regional referral centre for HIDs, using specifically developed checklists, during on-site visits from February to November 2009.
Isolation rooms were available in 34 facilities (82,9%): these rooms had anteroom in 19, dedicated entrance in 15, negative pressure in 17, and HEPA filtration of exhausting air in 12. Only 6 centres (14,6%) had isolation rooms with all characteristics. Personnel trained for the recognition of HIDs was available in 24 facilities; management protocols for HIDs were available in 35.
Preparedness level for the safe and appropriate management of HIDs is partially adequate in the surveyed EDs and MADs.
在急诊和医疗入院部门（ED 和 MAD）中，及时识别和适当的感染控制管理具有高度传染性疾病（HIDs，例如病毒性出血热和 SARS）的患者对于避免医院感染爆发至关重要。
EuroNHID（欧洲高度传染性疾病网络）项目在 2009 年 2 月至 11 月期间，使用专门开发的检查表，从 14 个欧洲国家的 41 个 ED 和 MAD 中收集数据，这些 ED 和 MAD 位于具有国家/地区高度传染性疾病转诊中心的同一设施中。
有 34 个设施（82.9%）提供隔离室：这些房间中有 19 个设有前厅，15 个设有专用入口，17 个设有负压，12 个设有排风的高效空气过滤。只有 6 个中心（14.6%）有具备所有特性的隔离室。有 24 个设施配备了受过识别 HIDs 培训的人员；有 35 个设施配备了 HIDs 管理协议。
在所调查的 ED 和 MAD 中，安全和适当管理 HIDs 的准备水平部分充足。
